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|'''[[:Category:Lehite GN|Lehite GN]]'''
|'''[[:Category:Lehite GN|Lehite GN]]'''
|1.
|1.
|Land (and city?), 2nd c. BC ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/15/1,17#1 Alma 15:1, 17]) (place or river?—see [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/2/17#17 Alma 2:17] PMS & 1830 & cf. 1:15)
|Land (and city?), 2nd c. BC ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/15.1?lang=eng#primary Alma 15:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/15.17?lang=eng#16 15:17]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/2.17?lang=eng#16 Alma 2:17] in P and 1830 has ''Sidom'', which is almost certainly a mistake by the typesetter for ''Sidon'').
|}
|}


The most plausible suggestion for this GN is a mimated form of the biblical Sidon.
'''Etymology'''


Cf. the following ancient Near Eastern placenames:
It is possible but unlikely that '''S<small>IDOM</small>''' is a mimated form of [[SIDON|S<small>IDON</small>]], the name of a river in the Book of Mormon and a city in biblical Phoenicia. The etymology of the biblical [[Geographical Name|GN]] is not certain,<ref>''[[J. Hoftijzer, and K. Jongeling, Dictionary of the North-West Semitic Inscriptions. 2nd ed. HOSANE/HOSNME 21 Leiden/N.Y.: Brill, 2003.|DNWSI]]'' gives “uncert[ain] meaning” for ''ṣd'' and “unknown meaning” for ''ṣdn'', and has no entry for ''ṣwd''.</ref> but it may come from [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''ṣwd'', “to catch, hunt,” and if it does, -''ôn'' may be an ending that could be replaced by the –''ôm'' ending.


Hebrew sedo-m, Sodom (Gen 19) (JH). Cf. Eblaite si-da-muki, sa-damki = Hebrew sedo-m, Sodom (Dahood in Pettinato, Archives, p. 287)  (RFS).
The biblical [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Sodom'' is voweled in the Masoretic text as ''sĕdôm'', which could easily yield '''S<small>IDOM</small>''' in the Book of Mormon. However, as the [[King James Version|KJV]] ''Sodom'' rendering makes clear, the Masoretic text voweling masks the etymology of the [[Geographical Name|GN]] as ''Sodom''. Septuagint Σόδομα, Ugaritic ''sú-du-mu'' and ''sú-dú-mu'', and often סודם, ''swdm'', in the Qumran texts (e.g., 1QIsa 1:9) support the reading ''Sodom''. The evidence from Eblaite is ambiguous: ''si-da-mu<sup>ki</sup>'' would support the Masoretic pointing, but ''sa-dam<sup>ki</sup>'' would not. Despite these difficulties, Book of Mormon '''S<small>IDOM</small>''' could be derived from biblical Sodom.<ref>Deriving Lehite '''S<small>IDOM</small>''' from biblical ''Sodom'' would require using the Masoretic voweling, ''sĕdôm'', which is an impossible temporal leap.</ref>


Hebrew s.îdôn, the Phoenician city Sidon ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/10/19#19 Gen 10:19]) (JH).
The biblical [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Siddim'', a valley ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/14.3?lang=eng#2 Gen. 14:3]), is at best only a distant possibility. Biblical ''śiddîm'' has the structure of a [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] masculine plural, which would preclude the Book of Mormon pronunciation, that is, the /î/ could not morph into /o/.


Biblical sʾiddîm, a valley ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/14/3#3 Gen 14:3]), probably means “furrows”  (JH).
Cf. Book of Mormon [[SIDON|S<small>IDON</small>]].


Greek side-n, translated by one author as “pomegranate” (1 Macc 15:23)  (JH).
'''Variants'''


The usage and context suggest a mimated variant of Sidon, the river, as a term for topographic loci (land, and perhaps town of the same name). See the analysis of Book
'''[[Deseret Alphabet]]:''' 𐐝𐐌𐐔𐐊𐐣 (saɪdʌm)
of Mormon Giddonah, Gidanah (RFS).


Cf. Book of Mormon [[SIDON]]
'''Notes'''


Cf. Biblical Siddim
<references/>


[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite GN]]
[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite GN]]
<div style="text-align: center;"> [[SHURR|<<]] Sidom [[SIDON|>>]] </div>
==[[Name Index]]==
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Revision as of 16:33, 24 November 2015

Lehite GN 1. Land (and city?), 2nd c. BC (Alma 15:1; 15:17; Alma 2:17 in P and 1830 has Sidom, which is almost certainly a mistake by the typesetter for Sidon).

Etymology

It is possible but unlikely that SIDOM is a mimated form of SIDON, the name of a river in the Book of Mormon and a city in biblical Phoenicia. The etymology of the biblical GN is not certain,[1] but it may come from HEBREW ṣwd, “to catch, hunt,” and if it does, -ôn may be an ending that could be replaced by the –ôm ending.

The biblical GN Sodom is voweled in the Masoretic text as sĕdôm, which could easily yield SIDOM in the Book of Mormon. However, as the KJV Sodom rendering makes clear, the Masoretic text voweling masks the etymology of the GN as Sodom. Septuagint Σόδομα, Ugaritic sú-du-mu and sú-dú-mu, and often סודם, swdm, in the Qumran texts (e.g., 1QIsa 1:9) support the reading Sodom. The evidence from Eblaite is ambiguous: si-da-muki would support the Masoretic pointing, but sa-damki would not. Despite these difficulties, Book of Mormon SIDOM could be derived from biblical Sodom.[2]

The biblical GN Siddim, a valley (Gen. 14:3), is at best only a distant possibility. Biblical śiddîm has the structure of a HEBREW masculine plural, which would preclude the Book of Mormon pronunciation, that is, the /î/ could not morph into /o/.

Cf. Book of Mormon SIDON.

Variants

Deseret Alphabet: 𐐝𐐌𐐔𐐊𐐣 (saɪdʌm)

Notes

  1. DNWSI gives “uncert[ain] meaning” for ṣd and “unknown meaning” for ṣdn, and has no entry for ṣwd.
  2. Deriving Lehite SIDOM from biblical Sodom would require using the Masoretic voweling, sĕdôm, which is an impossible temporal leap.
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