https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&feed=atom&action=historySHURR - Revision history2024-03-29T12:37:13ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.4https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=14095&oldid=prevRfs at 13:31, 22 November 20232023-11-22T13:31:44Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:31, 22 November 2023</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained. A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the [[King James Version|KJV]] ]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''. The Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is plausible.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature, lacks the doubled r.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are less likely. The Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''sūru'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> is intriguing, but still lacks the doubled r. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">שור </ins>''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained. A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the [[King James Version|KJV]] ]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''. The Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'s </ins>verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is plausible.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature, lacks the doubled r.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are less likely. The Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''sūru'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> is intriguing, but still lacks the doubled r. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are many Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are many Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td></tr>
</table>Rfshttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=12820&oldid=prevJKeenerInd: Referential edit for consistency2015-11-24T22:25:42Z<p>Referential edit for consistency</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:25, 24 November 2015</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained. A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the [[King James Version|KJV]] ]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''. The Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">356</del>.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature, lacks the doubled r.<ref><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See </del>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">369</del>. </ref> Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are less likely. The Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2010</del>.<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|</del>''<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">MZ</del>'']]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin</del>.</ref> is intriguing, but still lacks the doubled r. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained. A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the [[King James Version|KJV]] ]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''. The Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is plausible.<ref><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See </ins>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">369</ins>. </ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature, lacks the doubled r.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin</ins>.</ref> Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are less likely. The Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">S</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">413</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Normally</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">This would seem to rule out Akkadian </ins>''<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sūru</ins>'' <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN</ins>]].</ref> is intriguing, but still lacks the doubled r. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are many Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are many Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td></tr>
</table>JKeenerIndhttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=12819&oldid=prevJKeenerInd: Referential edit for consistency2015-11-24T22:13:16Z<p>Referential edit for consistency</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:13, 24 November 2015</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the [[King James Version|KJV]] ]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''. The Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature, lacks the doubled r.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are less likely. The Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is intriguing, but still lacks the doubled r</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the [[King James Version|KJV]] ]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. </del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">many </ins>Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''.</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref></del>The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">multiple </del>Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Variants'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Variants'''</div></td></tr>
</table>JKeenerIndhttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=12641&oldid=prevJKeenerInd: Added Name Index2015-11-21T23:47:39Z<p>Added Name Index</p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Names]][[Category:Jaredite GN]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Names]][[Category:Jaredite GN]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><div style="text-align: center;"> [[SHUM|<<]] Shurr [[SIDOM|>>]] </div></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==[[Name Index]]==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><big></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{|border="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%pt" </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[A]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[B]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[C]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[D]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[E]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|<font color="lightgray">F</font></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[G]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[H]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[I]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[J]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[K]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[L]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[M]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[N]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[O]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[P]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|<font color="lightgray">Q</font></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[R]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[S]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[T]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[U]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|<font color="lightgray">V</font></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|<font color="lightgray">W</font></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|<font color="lightgray">X</font></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|<font color="lightgray">Y</font></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[Z]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>JKeenerIndhttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=12227&oldid=prevJKeenerInd: Switched sup to sub per Akkadian diaretic markings2015-10-30T23:19:40Z<p>Switched sup to sub per Akkadian diaretic markings</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:19, 30 October 2015</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l20">Line 20:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sup</del>>1-6</<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sup</del>> and sur<<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sup</del>>1-14</<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sup</del>> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sub</ins>>1-6</<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sub</ins>> and sur<<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sub</ins>>1-14</<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sub</ins>> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Variants'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Variants'''</div></td></tr>
</table>JKeenerIndhttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=12221&oldid=prevJKeenerInd at 22:08, 30 October 20152015-10-30T22:08:17Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:08, 30 October 2015</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sub</del>>1-6</<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sub</del>> and sur<<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sub</del>>1-14</<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sub</del>> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sup</ins>>1-6</<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sup</ins>> and sur<<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sup</ins>>1-14</<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sup</ins>> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Variants'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Variants'''</div></td></tr>
</table>JKeenerIndhttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=12181&oldid=prevSamuelfb at 22:49, 10 September 20152015-09-10T22:49:47Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Etymology'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Etymology'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Until <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a </del>possible language <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">origin </del>for [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names must remain more speculative than substantive.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Until possible language <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">affinities </ins>for [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">names </ins>can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names must remain more speculative than substantive<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. With that caveat, the onomasticon does offer etymologies for some [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names, especially if it is possible that some [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names were translated into [[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]], or were otherwise related to one or more Semitic languages</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td></tr>
</table>Samuelfbhttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=11442&oldid=prevSamuelfb at 18:29, 28 October 20142014-10-28T18:29:58Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Abbreviations</del>|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Rykle Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon. 2nd ed. AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.</ins>|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]].</div></td></tr>
</table>Samuelfbhttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=11286&oldid=prevSamuelfb at 20:22, 16 October 20142014-10-16T20:22:30Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-content" />
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:22, 16 October 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l14">Line 14:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the KJV]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[King James Version|</ins>KJV<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''.</div></td></tr>
</table>Samuelfbhttps://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=SHURR&diff=11056&oldid=prevSamuelfb at 18:02, 26 September 20142014-09-26T18:02:20Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:02, 26 September 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l10">Line 10:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Until a possible language origin for [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names must remain more speculative than substantive.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Until a possible language origin for [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names must remain more speculative than substantive.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon GN (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Geographical Name|</ins>GN<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>(see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible GN ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The King James Bible <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Geographical Name|</ins>GN<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the KJV]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a GN name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the KJV]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Geographical Name|</ins>GN<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l20">Line 20:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 20:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Abbreviations|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Abbreviations|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon GN.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon GN.</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a GN.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Geographical Name|</ins>GN<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Geographical Name|</ins>GN<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>.</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Geographical Name|</ins>GN<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Variants'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Variants'''</div></td></tr>
</table>Samuelfb