RABBANAH: Difference between revisions

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The same Semitic root also appears in cuneiform Akkadian ''rab'', ''rabû'' , ''rabbû'' “great, chief, senior, majestic, noble,”<ref>W. von Soden, ''AHw'', 483.63; Tawil, ''Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebew'', 354; ''CAD'' “R” 16-17 (verb forms 37-50).</ref> ''rabânu'' “mayor, headman,”<ref>''CAD'' “R” 17-19.</ref> ''rab'', ''rabi'' “chief overseer of,”<ref>Black, et al., ''Concise Dictionary of Akkadian'', 293.</ref> Mari ''rabbu'' “influential people,”<ref>H. ben Yosef Tawil, ''Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebrew'', 355.</ref> and Emarite ''rabba'' “great.”<ref>Tawil, ''Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebrew'', 355.</ref> Especially interesting is the neo-Assyrian and neo-Babylonian term ''rabbani'', ''rabbānû'' “high functionary, foreign official, chieftan; administrator of temple property,” which is written syllabically (in Sumerian) as LÚ.GAL “king,” or LÚ.GAL.DÙ “King who acts,”<ref> ''CAD'' “R” 9, 19 (5-6 ''rab-banûtu'' = LÚ.GAL.DÙ-ú-tú/tu); Black, et al., ''Concise Dictionary of Akkadian'', 4-5 (participle).</ref> which John Gee points out is equivalent to [[EGYPTIAN(S)|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]] ''Nb-ir-ḫt'' “Lord who performs ritual” (a royal epithet).<ref>Caroline Rutledge, doctoral dissertation.</ref>
The same Semitic root also appears in cuneiform Akkadian ''rab'', ''rabû'' , ''rabbû'' “great, chief, senior, majestic, noble,”<ref>W. von Soden, ''AHw'', 483.63; Tawil, ''Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebew'', 354; ''CAD'' “R” 16-17 (verb forms 37-50).</ref> ''rabânu'' “mayor, headman,”<ref>''CAD'' “R” 17-19.</ref> ''rab'', ''rabi'' “chief overseer of,”<ref>Black, et al., ''Concise Dictionary of Akkadian'', 293.</ref> Mari ''rabbu'' “influential people,”<ref>H. ben Yosef Tawil, ''Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebrew'', 355.</ref> and Emarite ''rabba'' “great.”<ref>Tawil, ''Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebrew'', 355.</ref> Especially interesting is the neo-Assyrian and neo-Babylonian term ''rabbani'', ''rabbānû'' “high functionary, foreign official, chieftan; administrator of temple property,” which is written syllabically (in Sumerian) as LÚ.GAL “king,” or LÚ.GAL.DÙ “King who acts,”<ref> ''CAD'' “R” 9, 19 (5-6 ''rab-banûtu'' = LÚ.GAL.DÙ-ú-tú/tu); Black, et al., ''Concise Dictionary of Akkadian'', 4-5 (participle).</ref> which John Gee points out is equivalent to [[EGYPTIAN(S)|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]] ''Nb-ir-ḫt'' “Lord who performs ritual” (a royal epithet).<ref>Caroline Rutledge, doctoral dissertation.</ref>


In very late Jewish antiquity, Aramaic ''Rabbana'' was an honorific title for the heads of the central Jewish academy or of the Sanhedrin after Hillel, including Simeon ben Gamliel III.<ref>''Encyclopedia Judaica'', IV:1163.</ref>  It was the title of Rab Ashi, the most celebrated amora of his day and head of the Sura Academy, living ca. 335 - 427/428 C.E.<ref>''EJ'', III:709.</ref> The exilarchs and scholars of their families were called “Mar” or “Rabbana.”<ref>''EJ'', II:873.</ref> John Tvedtnes suggests that '''RABBANAH''' here corresponds to ''Ribbono'' “Master/Great-One,” in late Hebrew in ''Bet ha-Midrasch'', ¶ 29,<ref>A. Jellinek, ed., “The Story of Abraham Our Father from What Happened to Him with Nimrod,” and “A Study (Midrash) of Abraham Our Father,” in ''Bet ha-Midrasch'', I:34, V:40-41, English translation in Tvedtnes, Hauglid & Gee, eds., ''Traditions about the Early Life of Abraham'', 173 (n. 15), and 179 (n. 9).</ref> and to Aramaic ''Rabbouni'', ''Rabonni'' “teacher,” in [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/nt/john/20.16?lang=eng#15 John 20:16] (Greek transliteration ) (JAT).
In very late Jewish antiquity, Aramaic ''Rabbana'' was an honorific title for the heads of the central Jewish academy or of the Sanhedrin after Hillel, including Simeon ben Gamliel III.<ref>''Encyclopedia Judaica'', IV:1163.</ref>  It was the title of Rab Ashi, the most celebrated amora of his day and head of the Sura Academy, living ca. 335 - 427/428 C.E.<ref>''EJ'', III:709.</ref> The exilarchs and scholars of their families were called “Mar” or “Rabbana.”<ref>''EJ'', II:873.</ref> John Tvedtnes suggests that '''RABBANAH''' here corresponds to ''Ribbono'' “Master/Great-One,” in late Hebrew in ''Bet ha-Midrasch'', ¶ 29,<ref>A. Jellinek, ed., “The Story of Abraham Our Father from What Happened to Him with Nimrod,” and “A Study (Midrash) of Abraham Our Father,” in ''Bet ha-Midrasch'', I:34, V:40-41, English translation in Tvedtnes, Hauglid & Gee, eds., ''Traditions about the Early Life of Abraham'', 173 (n. 15), and 179 (n. 9).</ref> and to Aramaic ''Rabbouni'', ''Rabonni'' “teacher,” in [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/nt/john/20.16?lang=eng#15 John 20:16] (Greek transliteration) (JAT).


'''Bibliography'''
'''Bibliography'''

Revision as of 12:31, 19 July 2012

Lehite PN 1. Title of king LAMONI, “which is, being interpreted, ‘powerful’ or ‘great king’” (Alma 18:13).

This entry is not finished

Etymology

This word does not occur in biblical Hebrew, even though it likely is composed of the Hebrew root...

From Hebrew rāb “great, magnate,”[1] and rabbâ “much” (Proverbs 28:12), “heavy” (Numbers 11:33; Isaiah 30:25),[2] from which are derived Hebrew GN rabbâ “great city” (Joshua 13:25; Jeremiah 49:3),[3] and verb “be numerous, increase, become powerful.”[4]

The same Semitic root also appears in cuneiform Akkadian rab, rabû , rabbû “great, chief, senior, majestic, noble,”[5] rabânu “mayor, headman,”[6] rab, rabi “chief overseer of,”[7] Mari rabbu “influential people,”[8] and Emarite rabba “great.”[9] Especially interesting is the neo-Assyrian and neo-Babylonian term rabbani, rabbānû “high functionary, foreign official, chieftan; administrator of temple property,” which is written syllabically (in Sumerian) as LÚ.GAL “king,” or LÚ.GAL.DÙ “King who acts,”[10] which John Gee points out is equivalent to EGYPTIAN Nb-ir-ḫt “Lord who performs ritual” (a royal epithet).[11]

In very late Jewish antiquity, Aramaic Rabbana was an honorific title for the heads of the central Jewish academy or of the Sanhedrin after Hillel, including Simeon ben Gamliel III.[12] It was the title of Rab Ashi, the most celebrated amora of his day and head of the Sura Academy, living ca. 335 - 427/428 C.E.[13] The exilarchs and scholars of their families were called “Mar” or “Rabbana.”[14] John Tvedtnes suggests that RABBANAH here corresponds to Ribbono “Master/Great-One,” in late Hebrew in Bet ha-Midrasch, ¶ 29,[15] and to Aramaic Rabbouni, Rabonni “teacher,” in John 20:16 (Greek transliteration) (JAT).

Bibliography


Black, Jeremy, Andrew George, and Nicholas Postgate, eds. A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, SANTAG 5. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1999/2000.

CAD = Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago (Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010).

Encyclopedia Judaica, ed., Cecil Roth. Jerusalem: Keter/N.Y.: Macmillan, 1970-1971. EJ

Jellinek, Adolph. Bet ha-Midrasch, 5 vols.?? 1853/reprint Jerusalem: Wahrmann, 1967. Hebrew.

Koehler, Ludwig, and Walter Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, 5 vols., revised by W. Baumgartner & Johann J. Stamm. Leiden: Brill, 1994. HALOT

Tawil, Hayim ben Yosef. An Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebrew: Etymological- Semantic and Idiomatic Equivalents with Supplement on Biblical Aramaic. Jersey City: Ktav, 2009.

Tvedtnes, John A., Brian M. Hauglid, and John Gee, eds. Traditions about the Early Life of Abraham, Studies in the Book of Abraham 1. Provo: BYU/FARMS, 2001.

RFS

Variants

Deseret Alphabet:

Notes


  1. Koehler & Baumgartner, HALOT, III:1170-1172.
  2. HALOT, III:1171-1172.
  3. HALOT, III:1178.
  4. HALOT, III:1175.
  5. W. von Soden, AHw, 483.63; Tawil, Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebew, 354; CAD “R” 16-17 (verb forms 37-50).
  6. CAD “R” 17-19.
  7. Black, et al., Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 293.
  8. H. ben Yosef Tawil, Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebrew, 355.
  9. Tawil, Akkadian Lexical Companion for Biblical Hebrew, 355.
  10. CAD “R” 9, 19 (5-6 rab-banûtu = LÚ.GAL.DÙ-ú-tú/tu); Black, et al., Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 4-5 (participle).
  11. Caroline Rutledge, doctoral dissertation.
  12. Encyclopedia Judaica, IV:1163.
  13. EJ, III:709.
  14. EJ, II:873.
  15. A. Jellinek, ed., “The Story of Abraham Our Father from What Happened to Him with Nimrod,” and “A Study (Midrash) of Abraham Our Father,” in Bet ha-Midrasch, I:34, V:40-41, English translation in Tvedtnes, Hauglid & Gee, eds., Traditions about the Early Life of Abraham, 173 (n. 15), and 179 (n. 9).