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|'''[[:Category:Brass Plates PN|Brass Plates PN]]''' | |'''[[:Category:Brass Plates PN|Brass Plates PN]]''' | ||
|1. | |1. | ||
| | |A non-biblical Israelite prophet ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/1-ne/19.10?lang=eng#9 1 Nephi 19:10]) | ||
|} | |} | ||
''' | '''Etymology''' | ||
Perhaps short for ''nēʼūm-YHWH'' “declaration of Yahweh” (LXX Greek ''legei kyrios''), which is part of the oracle formula common to Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi.<ref>A. Hill, ''Malachi'', Anchor Bible 25D (Yale Univ. Press/Doubleday, 1998), 150.</ref> So, this may be taken from Hebrew ''nēʼūm'' (''naʼim'', ''noʼem'') "visionary utterance; decree" ([ Genesis 22:16]; [ Numbers 24:3-4, 15-16]; [ 2 Samuel 23:1a]; [ Proverbs 30:1]; [ Psalm 36:2]; [ Ezekiel 36:23]; [ Zechariah 12:1]; [ Malachi 2:1]).<ref>H. Kosmala, in ''Vetus Testamentum'', 14/3 (1964):428,431-432.</ref> It is normally restricted to divine speech. However, the Tannaim used it with human speech (TB ''Yebamot'' 12:11), and use with human speech was originally a North Israelite feature.<ref>Gary Rendsburg, “Hebrew Philological Notes (1),” ''Hebrew Studies'', 40 (1999):29-30.</ref> | |||
However, as for the supposed name [[MALACHI|M<small>ALACHI</small>]] “My-messenger,”<ref>A. Hill, ''Malachi'', Anchor Bible 25D (Yale Univ. Press/Doubleday, 1998), 135-136; Hill, “Malachi, book of,” in Freedman, ed., ''ABD'', IV:478.</ref> there may be an erroneous assumption here that a name is meant, when “according to the words of Neum” ([ 1 Nephi 19:10]) might be equivalent to Hebrew ''kidĕbar nēʼūm'', or ''kĕdibrēy nēʼūm'' “according to the words of prophecy,” which is similar to a frequently used biblical formula ([ Genesis 44:2]; [ Exodus 8:9]; [ Leviticus 10:7]; [ 2 Kings 2:22]; [ 5:14]; [ Jeremiah 13:2]; [ 32:8]; [ Haggai 2:4]). | |||
Or, less likely, the closely collocated Hebrew term, ''naˁim'' “bard; priestly meistersinger” ([ 2 Samuel 23:1b]; cf. [ 2 Kings 3:15]) = Greek ''aoidos'' "bard, oral-poet, composer-singer"; cf. Ugaritic ''nˁm'' “bard,” and Arabic ''nģm'' "sing," ''naģmat'' "melody."<ref>F. M. Cross, ''From Epic to Canon'', 140, citing Ugaritic CTA 3.1.19, and [ 1 Chronicles 25:7], where the High Priest is the Meistersinger; Cross, “Toward a History of Hebrew Prosody,” in ''Fortunate the Eyes That See'', eds. Beck, Bartelt, Raabe, and Francke, 302-303 (as in CTA 3.1.19); see also D. N. Freedman, ''Pottery, Poetry, and Prophecy: Studies in Early Hebrew Poetry''.</ref> | |||
See [[JENEUM|J<small>ENEUM</small>]] / [[JONEUM|J<small>ONEUM</small>]], [[MALACHI|M<small>ALACHI</small>]], [[NAHOM|N<small>AHOM</small>]]. | |||
==Bibliography== | |||
'' | Cross, Frank Moore, Jr. “Toward a History of Hebrew Prosody,” in ''Fortunate the Eyes That See: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman in Celebration of His Seventieth Birthday'', eds. A. Beck, A. Bartelt, P. Raabe, and C. Francke, 298-309. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995. | ||
Cross, Frank Moore, Jr. ''From Epic to Canon: History and Literature in Ancient Israel''. | |||
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1998. | |||
Freedman, David Noel. ''Pottery, Poetry, and Prophecy: Studies in Early Hebrew Poetry''. | |||
Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1980. | |||
Kosmala, Hans. “Form and Structure in Ancient Hebrew Poetry (A New Approach),” ''Vetus | |||
Testamentum'' 14/3 (Oct 1964):423-445. | |||
Rendsburg, Gary, “Hebrew Philological Notes (1),” ''Hebrew Studies'' 40 (1999):28-32. | |||
<div style="text-align: right;">[[Robert F. Smith|RFS]]</div> | |||
'''Variants''' | '''Variants''' | ||
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'''Notes''' | '''Notes''' | ||
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<references/> | |||
[[Category:Names]][[Category:Brass Plates PN]] | [[Category:Names]][[Category:Brass Plates PN]] | ||
Revision as of 15:41, 6 June 2013
| Brass Plates PN | 1. | A non-biblical Israelite prophet (1 Nephi 19:10) |
Etymology
Perhaps short for nēʼūm-YHWH “declaration of Yahweh” (LXX Greek legei kyrios), which is part of the oracle formula common to Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi.[1] So, this may be taken from Hebrew nēʼūm (naʼim, noʼem) "visionary utterance; decree" ([ Genesis 22:16]; [ Numbers 24:3-4, 15-16]; [ 2 Samuel 23:1a]; [ Proverbs 30:1]; [ Psalm 36:2]; [ Ezekiel 36:23]; [ Zechariah 12:1]; [ Malachi 2:1]).[2] It is normally restricted to divine speech. However, the Tannaim used it with human speech (TB Yebamot 12:11), and use with human speech was originally a North Israelite feature.[3]
However, as for the supposed name MALACHI “My-messenger,”[4] there may be an erroneous assumption here that a name is meant, when “according to the words of Neum” ([ 1 Nephi 19:10]) might be equivalent to Hebrew kidĕbar nēʼūm, or kĕdibrēy nēʼūm “according to the words of prophecy,” which is similar to a frequently used biblical formula ([ Genesis 44:2]; [ Exodus 8:9]; [ Leviticus 10:7]; [ 2 Kings 2:22]; [ 5:14]; [ Jeremiah 13:2]; [ 32:8]; [ Haggai 2:4]).
Or, less likely, the closely collocated Hebrew term, naˁim “bard; priestly meistersinger” ([ 2 Samuel 23:1b]; cf. [ 2 Kings 3:15]) = Greek aoidos "bard, oral-poet, composer-singer"; cf. Ugaritic nˁm “bard,” and Arabic nģm "sing," naģmat "melody."[5]
See JENEUM / JONEUM, MALACHI, NAHOM.
Bibliography
Cross, Frank Moore, Jr. “Toward a History of Hebrew Prosody,” in Fortunate the Eyes That See: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman in Celebration of His Seventieth Birthday, eds. A. Beck, A. Bartelt, P. Raabe, and C. Francke, 298-309. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
Cross, Frank Moore, Jr. From Epic to Canon: History and Literature in Ancient Israel. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1998.
Freedman, David Noel. Pottery, Poetry, and Prophecy: Studies in Early Hebrew Poetry. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1980.
Kosmala, Hans. “Form and Structure in Ancient Hebrew Poetry (A New Approach),” Vetus Testamentum 14/3 (Oct 1964):423-445.
Rendsburg, Gary, “Hebrew Philological Notes (1),” Hebrew Studies 40 (1999):28-32.
Variants
Deseret Alphabet: 𐐤𐐀𐐊𐐣
Notes
- ↑ A. Hill, Malachi, Anchor Bible 25D (Yale Univ. Press/Doubleday, 1998), 150.
- ↑ H. Kosmala, in Vetus Testamentum, 14/3 (1964):428,431-432.
- ↑ Gary Rendsburg, “Hebrew Philological Notes (1),” Hebrew Studies, 40 (1999):29-30.
- ↑ A. Hill, Malachi, Anchor Bible 25D (Yale Univ. Press/Doubleday, 1998), 135-136; Hill, “Malachi, book of,” in Freedman, ed., ABD, IV:478.
- ↑ F. M. Cross, From Epic to Canon, 140, citing Ugaritic CTA 3.1.19, and [ 1 Chronicles 25:7], where the High Priest is the Meistersinger; Cross, “Toward a History of Hebrew Prosody,” in Fortunate the Eyes That See, eds. Beck, Bartelt, Raabe, and Francke, 302-303 (as in CTA 3.1.19); see also D. N. Freedman, Pottery, Poetry, and Prophecy: Studies in Early Hebrew Poetry.
