https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&feed=atom&action=history
GAZELEM - Revision history
2024-03-28T19:11:19Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
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https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=13839&oldid=prev
Rfs at 01:41, 12 July 2023
2023-07-12T01:41:03Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:41, 11 July 2023</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An etymology based on North-west Semitic ''gzl'', ''gṣl'', ''ǵzl'' or ''ǵṣl'' would be the most likely, with a dual ending -''êm''.<ref>-''êm'' is the early contracted form of the plene -''ayim'' dual ending in Semitic languages. This is reflected in the English pronunciation (no doubt coming from the [[King James Version|KJV]], but which matched the early form of the [[Geographical Name|GN]]) of [[JERUSALEM|J<small>ERUSALEM</small>]] from the late plene writing and pronunciation of [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''yrwšlym''. </ref> The dual ending would tend to reinforce reading '''G<small>AZELEM</small>''' as the noun of the following appositive, because the “directors”/“interpreters” consisted of two (=dual) stones set in a silver bow.<ref>[[Paul Y. Hoskisson|Paul Y. Hoskisson]], “Urim and Thummim,” in [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow]], ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Macmillan, 1991/1992), citing [[Joseph Smith History|JS-H]] 1:35. http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Urim_and_Thummim</ref> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An etymology based on North-west Semitic ''gzl'', ''gṣl'', ''ǵzl'' or ''ǵṣl'' would be the most likely, with a dual ending -''êm''.<ref>-''êm'' is the early contracted form of the plene -''ayim'' dual ending in Semitic languages. This is reflected in the English pronunciation (no doubt coming from the [[King James Version|KJV]], but which matched the early form of the [[Geographical Name|GN]]) of [[JERUSALEM|J<small>ERUSALEM</small>]] from the late plene writing and pronunciation of [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''yrwšlym''. </ref> The dual ending would tend to reinforce reading '''G<small>AZELEM</small>''' as the noun of the following appositive, because the “directors”/“interpreters” consisted of two (=dual) stones set in a silver bow.<ref>[[Paul Y. Hoskisson|Paul Y. Hoskisson]], “Urim and Thummim,” in [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow]], ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Macmillan, 1991/1992), citing [[Joseph Smith History|JS-H]] 1:35. http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Urim_and_Thummim</ref> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Because “''r''” and “''l''” are both “liquid” consonants, they often interchange from one language to another, such as between [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] and [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]].<ref>This also happens in other language families. For example, see Spanish “playa” and Portuguese “praya,” both meaning beach; and Japanese where the difference between the two sounds is not phonemic.</ref> Therefore it would not be amiss to derive from Semitic ''gzr'', yielding a very attractive etymology along the lines of biblical Aramaic ''gāzrîn'', the “deciders/determiners (of fate),” used for the Babylonian magi ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/2/27#27 Daniel 2:27]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/4/4#4 4:4]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/5/7,11#7 5:7, 11]). This root is represented in biblical [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] by ''gzr'' “cut, divide; decree (fate)” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/9/19#19 Isaiah 9:19]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_ne/19/10#10 2 Nephi 19:10], [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/53/8#8 Isaiah 53:8]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/job/22/28#28 Job 22:28]). </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Because “''r''” and “''l''” are both “liquid” consonants, they often interchange from one language to another, such as between [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] and [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]].<ref>This also happens in other language families. For example, see Spanish “playa” and Portuguese “praya,” both meaning beach; and Japanese where the difference between the two sounds is not phonemic.</ref> Therefore it would not be amiss to derive from Semitic ''gzr'', yielding a very attractive etymology along the lines of biblical Aramaic <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">גזרין </ins>''gāzrîn'', the “deciders/determiners (of fate),” used for the Babylonian magi ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/2/27#27 Daniel 2:27]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/4/4#4 4:4]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/5/7,11#7 5:7, 11]). This root is represented in biblical [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] by <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">גזר </ins>''gzr'' “cut, divide; decree (fate)” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/9/19#19 Isaiah 9:19]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_ne/19/10#10 2 Nephi 19:10], [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/53/8#8 Isaiah 53:8]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/job/22/28#28 Job 22:28]). </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Such terms may be related to Cypriote Maronite Arabic ''xazra'', “stone.” ''gzar'', “stones.”<ref>M. Tsrapeka, Descriptive Analysis, p.31.</ref> Cf. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''gĕzārîm'', “halves” in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/15/17#17 Genesis 15:17]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ps/136/13#13 Psalms 136:13], from גזר ''gzr'', “cut in two” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/3/25#25 1 Kings 3:25]) or “polishing, beauty” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/lam/4/7#7 Lamentations 4:7]). </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Such terms may be related to Cypriote Maronite Arabic ''xazra'', “stone.” ''gzar'', “stones.”<ref>M. Tsrapeka, Descriptive Analysis, p.31.</ref> Cf. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">גזרים </ins>''gĕzārîm'', “halves” in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/15/17#17 Genesis 15:17]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ps/136/13#13 Psalms 136:13], from גזר ''gzr'', “cut in two” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/3/25#25 1 Kings 3:25]) or “polishing, beauty” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/lam/4/7#7 Lamentations 4:7]). </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another possible etymology could employ Ugaritic ''gùzr'' (pl. ''gùzrm''), “young man, warrior, hero”<ref>Gordon Textbook §19:1956; Aistleitner 2138; cf. Dietrich-Loretz [[Die Welt des Orients|''WdO'']] 3 (1964–6): 189ff; Ullendorf [[Journal of Semitic Studies|''JSS'']] 7 (1962):347.</ref> >''azara''/''ta''>''azra'' (meaning uncertain - either “to launch an attack,” or “to be scattered, be routed, pour forth”)<ref>Dillmann 1003.</ref>; Arabic ''gùazura'' “to be much, be abundant”; adj. ''gùazeµr'' “much, plentiful.”<ref>Aistleitner 2138; Wehr-Cowan 672b.</ref> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another possible etymology could employ Ugaritic ''gùzr'' (pl. ''gùzrm''), “young man, warrior, hero”<ref>Gordon Textbook §19:1956; Aistleitner 2138; cf. Dietrich-Loretz [[Die Welt des Orients|''WdO'']] 3 (1964–6): 189ff; Ullendorf [[Journal of Semitic Studies|''JSS'']] 7 (1962):347.</ref> >''azara''/''ta''>''azra'' (meaning uncertain - either “to launch an attack,” or “to be scattered, be routed, pour forth”)<ref>Dillmann 1003.</ref>; Arabic ''gùazura'' “to be much, be abundant”; adj. ''gùazeµr'' “much, plentiful.”<ref>Aistleitner 2138; Wehr-Cowan 672b.</ref> </div></td></tr>
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Rfs
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=13838&oldid=prev
Rfs at 01:37, 12 July 2023
2023-07-12T01:37:25Z
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<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:37, 11 July 2023</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l14">Line 14:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Because “''r''” and “''l''” are both “liquid” consonants, they often interchange from one language to another, such as between [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] and [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]].<ref>This also happens in other language families. For example, see Spanish “playa” and Portuguese “praya,” both meaning beach; and Japanese where the difference between the two sounds is not phonemic.</ref> Therefore it would not be amiss to derive from Semitic ''gzr'', yielding a very attractive etymology along the lines of biblical Aramaic ''gāzrîn'', the “deciders/determiners (of fate),” used for the Babylonian magi ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/2/27#27 Daniel 2:27]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/4/4#4 4:4]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/5/7,11#7 5:7, 11]). This root is represented in biblical [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] by ''gzr'' “cut, divide; decree (fate)” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/9/19#19 Isaiah 9:19]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_ne/19/10#10 2 Nephi 19:10], [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/53/8#8 Isaiah 53:8]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/job/22/28#28 Job 22:28]). </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Because “''r''” and “''l''” are both “liquid” consonants, they often interchange from one language to another, such as between [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] and [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]].<ref>This also happens in other language families. For example, see Spanish “playa” and Portuguese “praya,” both meaning beach; and Japanese where the difference between the two sounds is not phonemic.</ref> Therefore it would not be amiss to derive from Semitic ''gzr'', yielding a very attractive etymology along the lines of biblical Aramaic ''gāzrîn'', the “deciders/determiners (of fate),” used for the Babylonian magi ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/2/27#27 Daniel 2:27]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/4/4#4 4:4]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/5/7,11#7 5:7, 11]). This root is represented in biblical [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] by ''gzr'' “cut, divide; decree (fate)” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/9/19#19 Isaiah 9:19]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_ne/19/10#10 2 Nephi 19:10], [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/53/8#8 Isaiah 53:8]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/job/22/28#28 Job 22:28]). </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Such terms may be related to Cypriote Maronite Arabic ''xazra'', “stone.” ''gzar'', “stones.”<ref>M. Tsrapeka, Descriptive Analysis, p.31.</ref> Cf. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''gĕzārîm'', “halves” in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/15/17#17 Genesis 15:17]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ps/136/13#13 Psalms 136:13], from ''gzr'', “cut in two” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/3/25#25 1 Kings 3:25]) or “polishing, beauty” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/lam/4/7#7 Lamentations 4:7]). </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Such terms may be related to Cypriote Maronite Arabic ''xazra'', “stone.” ''gzar'', “stones.”<ref>M. Tsrapeka, Descriptive Analysis, p.31.</ref> Cf. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''gĕzārîm'', “halves” in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/15/17#17 Genesis 15:17]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ps/136/13#13 Psalms 136:13], from <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">גזר </ins>''gzr'', “cut in two” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/3/25#25 1 Kings 3:25]) or “polishing, beauty” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/lam/4/7#7 Lamentations 4:7]). </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another possible etymology could employ Ugaritic ''gùzr'' (pl. ''gùzrm''), “young man, warrior, hero”<ref>Gordon Textbook §19:1956; Aistleitner 2138; cf. Dietrich-Loretz [[Die Welt des Orients|''WdO'']] 3 (1964–6): 189ff; Ullendorf [[Journal of Semitic Studies|''JSS'']] 7 (1962):347.</ref> >''azara''/''ta''>''azra'' (meaning uncertain - either “to launch an attack,” or “to be scattered, be routed, pour forth”)<ref>Dillmann 1003.</ref>; Arabic ''gùazura'' “to be much, be abundant”; adj. ''gùazeµr'' “much, plentiful.”<ref>Aistleitner 2138; Wehr-Cowan 672b.</ref> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another possible etymology could employ Ugaritic ''gùzr'' (pl. ''gùzrm''), “young man, warrior, hero”<ref>Gordon Textbook §19:1956; Aistleitner 2138; cf. Dietrich-Loretz [[Die Welt des Orients|''WdO'']] 3 (1964–6): 189ff; Ullendorf [[Journal of Semitic Studies|''JSS'']] 7 (1962):347.</ref> >''azara''/''ta''>''azra'' (meaning uncertain - either “to launch an attack,” or “to be scattered, be routed, pour forth”)<ref>Dillmann 1003.</ref>; Arabic ''gùazura'' “to be much, be abundant”; adj. ''gùazeµr'' “much, plentiful.”<ref>Aistleitner 2138; Wehr-Cowan 672b.</ref> </div></td></tr>
</table>
Rfs
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=13147&oldid=prev
Rfs at 19:31, 23 July 2016
2016-07-23T19:31:47Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:31, 23 July 2016</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Bibliography'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Bibliography'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>----</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>----</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*[[Daniel H. Ludlow]] A Companion to your Study of the Book of Mormon. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 1969.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*[[Daniel H. Ludlow]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>A Companion to your Study of the Book of Mormon<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 1969.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite PN]][[Category:Lehite noun]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite PN]][[Category:Lehite noun]]</div></td></tr>
</table>
Rfs
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=13146&oldid=prev
Rfs at 19:28, 23 July 2016
2016-07-23T19:28:21Z
<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:28, 23 July 2016</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l12">Line 12:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An etymology based on North-west Semitic ''gzl'', ''gṣl'', ''ǵzl'' or ''ǵṣl'' would be the most likely, with a dual ending -''êm''.<ref>-''êm'' is the early contracted form of the plene -''ayim'' dual ending in Semitic languages. This is reflected in the English pronunciation (no doubt coming from the [[King James Version|KJV]], but which matched the early form of the [[Geographical Name|GN]]) of [[JERUSALEM|J<small>ERUSALEM</small>]] from the late plene writing and pronunciation of [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''yrwšlym''. </ref> The dual ending would tend to reinforce reading '''G<small>AZELEM</small>''' as the noun of the following appositive, because the “directors”/“interpreters” consisted of two (=dual) stones set in a silver bow.<ref>[[Paul Y. Hoskisson|Paul Y. Hoskisson]], “Urim and Thummim,” in [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow]], ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Macmillan, 1991/1992), citing [[Joseph Smith History|JS-H]] 1:35. http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Urim_and_Thummim</ref> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An etymology based on North-west Semitic ''gzl'', ''gṣl'', ''ǵzl'' or ''ǵṣl'' would be the most likely, with a dual ending -''êm''.<ref>-''êm'' is the early contracted form of the plene -''ayim'' dual ending in Semitic languages. This is reflected in the English pronunciation (no doubt coming from the [[King James Version|KJV]], but which matched the early form of the [[Geographical Name|GN]]) of [[JERUSALEM|J<small>ERUSALEM</small>]] from the late plene writing and pronunciation of [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''yrwšlym''. </ref> The dual ending would tend to reinforce reading '''G<small>AZELEM</small>''' as the noun of the following appositive, because the “directors”/“interpreters” consisted of two (=dual) stones set in a silver bow.<ref>[[Paul Y. Hoskisson|Paul Y. Hoskisson]], “Urim and Thummim,” in [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow]], ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Macmillan, 1991/1992), citing [[Joseph Smith History|JS-H]] 1:35. http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Urim_and_Thummim</ref> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Because “''r''” and “''l''” are both “liquid” consonants, they often interchange from one language to another, such as between [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] and [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]].<ref>This also happens in other language families. For example, see Spanish “playa” and Portuguese “praya,” both meaning beach; and Japanese where the difference between the two sounds is not phonemic.</ref> Therefore it would not be amiss to derive <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">May thus be derived </del>from Semitic ''gzr'', yielding a very attractive etymology along the lines of biblical Aramaic ''gāzrîn'', the “deciders/determiners (of fate),” used for the Babylonian magi ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/2/27#27 Daniel 2:27]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/4/4#4 4:4]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/5/7,11#7 5:7, 11]). This root is represented in biblical [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] by ''gzr'' “cut, divide; decree (fate)” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/9/19#19 Isaiah 9:19]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_ne/19/10#10 2 Nephi 19:10], [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/53/8#8 Isaiah 53:8]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/job/22/28#28 Job 22:28]). </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Because “''r''” and “''l''” are both “liquid” consonants, they often interchange from one language to another, such as between [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] and [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]].<ref>This also happens in other language families. For example, see Spanish “playa” and Portuguese “praya,” both meaning beach; and Japanese where the difference between the two sounds is not phonemic.</ref> Therefore it would not be amiss to derive from Semitic ''gzr'', yielding a very attractive etymology along the lines of biblical Aramaic ''gāzrîn'', the “deciders/determiners (of fate),” used for the Babylonian magi ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/2/27#27 Daniel 2:27]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/4/4#4 4:4]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dan/5/7,11#7 5:7, 11]). This root is represented in biblical [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] by ''gzr'' “cut, divide; decree (fate)” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/9/19#19 Isaiah 9:19]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_ne/19/10#10 2 Nephi 19:10], [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/isa/53/8#8 Isaiah 53:8]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/job/22/28#28 Job 22:28]). </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Such terms may be related to Cypriote Maronite Arabic ''xazra'', “stone.” ''gzar'', “stones.”<ref>M. Tsrapeka, Descriptive Analysis, p.31.</ref> Cf. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''gĕzārîm'', “halves” in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/15/17#17 Genesis 15:17]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ps/136/13#13 Psalms 136:13], from ''gzr'', “cut in two” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/3/25#25 1 Kings 3:25]) or “polishing, beauty” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/lam/4/7#7 Lamentations 4:7]). </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Such terms may be related to Cypriote Maronite Arabic ''xazra'', “stone.” ''gzar'', “stones.”<ref>M. Tsrapeka, Descriptive Analysis, p.31.</ref> Cf. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''gĕzārîm'', “halves” in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/15/17#17 Genesis 15:17]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ps/136/13#13 Psalms 136:13], from ''gzr'', “cut in two” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/3/25#25 1 Kings 3:25]) or “polishing, beauty” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/lam/4/7#7 Lamentations 4:7]). </div></td></tr>
</table>
Rfs
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=12792&oldid=prev
JKeenerInd at 01:00, 22 November 2015
2015-11-22T01:00:29Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:00, 21 November 2015</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite PN]][[Category:Lehite noun]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite PN]][[Category:Lehite noun]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div style="text-align: center;"> [[GALLIM|<<]] Gazelem [[GEBA|>>]] </div></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div style="text-align: center;"> [[GALLIM|<<]] Gazelem [[GEBA|>>]] </div></div></td></tr>
</table>
JKeenerInd
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=12404&oldid=prev
JKeenerInd: Added Name Index
2015-11-14T23:48:56Z
<p>Added Name Index</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:48, 14 November 2015</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l39">Line 39:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite PN]][[Category:Lehite noun]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite PN]][[Category:Lehite noun]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><div style="text-align: center;"> [[GALLIM|<<]] Gazelem [[GEBA|>>]] </div></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==[[Name Index]]==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><big></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{|border="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%pt" </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[A]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[B]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[C]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[D]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[E]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|[[Z]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>
JKeenerInd
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=11853&oldid=prev
Samuelfb at 01:35, 25 November 2014
2014-11-25T01:35:42Z
<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:35, 24 November 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Such terms may be related to Cypriote Maronite Arabic ''xazra'', “stone.” ''gzar'', “stones.”<ref>M. Tsrapeka, Descriptive Analysis, p.31.</ref> Cf. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''gĕzārîm'', “halves” in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/15/17#17 Genesis 15:17]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ps/136/13#13 Psalms 136:13], from ''gzr'', “cut in two” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/3/25#25 1 Kings 3:25]) or “polishing, beauty” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/lam/4/7#7 Lamentations 4:7]). </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Such terms may be related to Cypriote Maronite Arabic ''xazra'', “stone.” ''gzar'', “stones.”<ref>M. Tsrapeka, Descriptive Analysis, p.31.</ref> Cf. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''gĕzārîm'', “halves” in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/gen/15/17#17 Genesis 15:17]; [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ps/136/13#13 Psalms 136:13], from ''gzr'', “cut in two” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/3/25#25 1 Kings 3:25]) or “polishing, beauty” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/lam/4/7#7 Lamentations 4:7]). </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another possible etymology could employ Ugaritic ''gùzr'' (pl. ''gùzrm''), “young man, warrior, hero”<ref>Gordon Textbook §19:1956; Aistleitner 2138; cf. Dietrich-Loretz WdO 3 (1964–6): 189ff; Ullendorf [[Journal of Semitic Studies|''JSS'']] 7 (1962):347.</ref> >''azara''/''ta''>''azra'' (meaning uncertain - either “to launch an attack,” or “to be scattered, be routed, pour forth”)<ref>Dillmann 1003.</ref>; Arabic ''gùazura'' “to be much, be abundant”; adj. ''gùazeµr'' “much, plentiful.”<ref>Aistleitner 2138; Wehr-Cowan 672b.</ref> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another possible etymology could employ Ugaritic ''gùzr'' (pl. ''gùzrm''), “young man, warrior, hero”<ref>Gordon Textbook §19:1956; Aistleitner 2138; cf. Dietrich-Loretz <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Die Welt des Orients|''</ins>WdO<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'']] </ins>3 (1964–6): 189ff; Ullendorf [[Journal of Semitic Studies|''JSS'']] 7 (1962):347.</ref> >''azara''/''ta''>''azra'' (meaning uncertain - either “to launch an attack,” or “to be scattered, be routed, pour forth”)<ref>Dillmann 1003.</ref>; Arabic ''gùazura'' “to be much, be abundant”; adj. ''gùazeµr'' “much, plentiful.”<ref>Aistleitner 2138; Wehr-Cowan 672b.</ref> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Also promising is the suggestion that the name comes from ''ʿāz'', “might,” and ''ʿelem'', “young man” ([[Jo Ann Hackett|JH]]), if ''ʿāz'' comes from ''ģzz'' and ''ʿelem'' comes from ''ʿlm''.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Also promising is the suggestion that the name comes from ''ʿāz'', “might,” and ''ʿelem'', “young man” ([[Jo Ann Hackett|JH]]), if ''ʿāz'' comes from ''ģzz'' and ''ʿelem'' comes from ''ʿlm''.</div></td></tr>
</table>
Samuelfb
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=11429&oldid=prev
Samuelfb at 17:49, 28 October 2014
2014-10-28T17:49:17Z
<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 11:49, 28 October 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Etymology'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Etymology'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lehite prophetic name for a future “servant” of God (Gazelam = Joseph Smith in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dc/78/9#9 D&C 78:9], etc.), or of stone “directors” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/37/21,24#21 Alma 37:21, 24], [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Sabatino Moscati, et al. An Introduction to the Comparative Grammar of the Semitic Languages. Sabatino Moscati, ed. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1969.</del>|O P mss]] 1830-1911 eds > “interpreters” in 1920 1981 eds.), depending on whether the word within the phrase is read as an appositive to the preceding noun or as the noun of the following appositive ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/37/23#23 Alma 37:23]).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lehite prophetic name for a future “servant” of God (Gazelam = Joseph Smith in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dc/78/9#9 D&C 78:9], etc.), or of stone “directors” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/37/21,24#21 Alma 37:21, 24], [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Original and Printer's Manuscripts</ins>|O P mss]] 1830-1911 eds > “interpreters” in 1920 1981 eds.), depending on whether the word within the phrase is read as an appositive to the preceding noun or as the noun of the following appositive ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/37/23#23 Alma 37:23]).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An etymology based on North-west Semitic ''gzl'', ''gṣl'', ''ǵzl'' or ''ǵṣl'' would be the most likely, with a dual ending -''êm''.<ref>-''êm'' is the early contracted form of the plene -''ayim'' dual ending in Semitic languages. This is reflected in the English pronunciation (no doubt coming from the [[King James Version|KJV]], but which matched the early form of the [[Geographical Name|GN]]) of [[JERUSALEM|J<small>ERUSALEM</small>]] from the late plene writing and pronunciation of [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''yrwšlym''. </ref> The dual ending would tend to reinforce reading '''G<small>AZELEM</small>''' as the noun of the following appositive, because the “directors”/“interpreters” consisted of two (=dual) stones set in a silver bow.<ref>[[Paul Y. Hoskisson|Paul Y. Hoskisson]], “Urim and Thummim,” in [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow]], ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Macmillan, 1991/1992), citing [[Joseph Smith History|JS-H]] 1:35. http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Urim_and_Thummim</ref> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An etymology based on North-west Semitic ''gzl'', ''gṣl'', ''ǵzl'' or ''ǵṣl'' would be the most likely, with a dual ending -''êm''.<ref>-''êm'' is the early contracted form of the plene -''ayim'' dual ending in Semitic languages. This is reflected in the English pronunciation (no doubt coming from the [[King James Version|KJV]], but which matched the early form of the [[Geographical Name|GN]]) of [[JERUSALEM|J<small>ERUSALEM</small>]] from the late plene writing and pronunciation of [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''yrwšlym''. </ref> The dual ending would tend to reinforce reading '''G<small>AZELEM</small>''' as the noun of the following appositive, because the “directors”/“interpreters” consisted of two (=dual) stones set in a silver bow.<ref>[[Paul Y. Hoskisson|Paul Y. Hoskisson]], “Urim and Thummim,” in [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow]], ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Macmillan, 1991/1992), citing [[Joseph Smith History|JS-H]] 1:35. http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Urim_and_Thummim</ref> </div></td></tr>
</table>
Samuelfb
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=11428&oldid=prev
Samuelfb at 17:46, 28 October 2014
2014-10-28T17:46:26Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 11:46, 28 October 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Etymology'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Etymology'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lehite prophetic name for a future “servant” of God (Gazelam = Joseph Smith in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dc/78/9#9 D&C 78:9], etc.), or of stone “directors” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/37/21,24#21 Alma 37:21, 24], O P mss 1830-1911 eds > “interpreters” in 1920 1981 eds.), depending on whether the word within the phrase is read as an appositive to the preceding noun or as the noun of the following appositive ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/37/23#23 Alma 37:23]).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lehite prophetic name for a future “servant” of God (Gazelam = Joseph Smith in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/dc/78/9#9 D&C 78:9], etc.), or of stone “directors” ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/37/21,24#21 Alma 37:21, 24], <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Sabatino Moscati, et al. An Introduction to the Comparative Grammar of the Semitic Languages. Sabatino Moscati, ed. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1969.|</ins>O P mss<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>1830-1911 eds > “interpreters” in 1920 1981 eds.), depending on whether the word within the phrase is read as an appositive to the preceding noun or as the noun of the following appositive ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/37/23#23 Alma 37:23]).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An etymology based on North-west Semitic ''gzl'', ''gṣl'', ''ǵzl'' or ''ǵṣl'' would be the most likely, with a dual ending -''êm''.<ref>-''êm'' is the early contracted form of the plene -''ayim'' dual ending in Semitic languages. This is reflected in the English pronunciation (no doubt coming from the [[King James Version|KJV]], but which matched the early form of the [[Geographical Name|GN]]) of [[JERUSALEM|J<small>ERUSALEM</small>]] from the late plene writing and pronunciation of [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''yrwšlym''. </ref> The dual ending would tend to reinforce reading '''G<small>AZELEM</small>''' as the noun of the following appositive, because the “directors”/“interpreters” consisted of two (=dual) stones set in a silver bow.<ref>[[Paul Y. Hoskisson|Paul Y. Hoskisson]], “Urim and Thummim,” in [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow]], ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Macmillan, 1991/1992), citing [[Joseph Smith History|JS-H]] 1:35. http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Urim_and_Thummim</ref> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>An etymology based on North-west Semitic ''gzl'', ''gṣl'', ''ǵzl'' or ''ǵṣl'' would be the most likely, with a dual ending -''êm''.<ref>-''êm'' is the early contracted form of the plene -''ayim'' dual ending in Semitic languages. This is reflected in the English pronunciation (no doubt coming from the [[King James Version|KJV]], but which matched the early form of the [[Geographical Name|GN]]) of [[JERUSALEM|J<small>ERUSALEM</small>]] from the late plene writing and pronunciation of [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''yrwšlym''. </ref> The dual ending would tend to reinforce reading '''G<small>AZELEM</small>''' as the noun of the following appositive, because the “directors”/“interpreters” consisted of two (=dual) stones set in a silver bow.<ref>[[Paul Y. Hoskisson|Paul Y. Hoskisson]], “Urim and Thummim,” in [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow]], ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism (Macmillan, 1991/1992), citing [[Joseph Smith History|JS-H]] 1:35. http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Urim_and_Thummim</ref> </div></td></tr>
</table>
Samuelfb
https://onoma.lib.byu.edu/index.php?title=GAZELEM&diff=11344&oldid=prev
Samuelfb at 22:09, 21 October 2014
2014-10-21T22:09:01Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:09, 21 October 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are no variations of this name in the Book of Mormon text, but there are other spellings outside the Book of Mormon: Gazelum Orson Pratt, [[Journal of Discourses|''JD'']], 16:156 (16 Aug 1873); Gazelam 1835 [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, The Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. Salt Lake City, UT: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. 2013.|''D&C'']] (6xx), D. J. Whittaker, “Substituted Names in the Published Revelations of Joseph Smith,” ''[[Brigham Young University|BYU]] Studies'', 23/1 (1983):103-112. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are no variations of this name in the Book of Mormon text, but there are other spellings outside the Book of Mormon: Gazelum Orson Pratt, [[Journal of Discourses|''JD'']], 16:156 (16 Aug 1873); Gazelam 1835 [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </ins>Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, The Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. Salt Lake City, UT: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. 2013.|''D&C'']] (6xx), D. J. Whittaker, “Substituted Names in the Published Revelations of Joseph Smith,” ''[[Brigham Young University|BYU]] Studies'', 23/1 (1983):103-112. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''[[Deseret Alphabet]]:''' 𐐘𐐈𐐞𐐀𐐢𐐇𐐣 (ɡæziːlɛm)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''[[Deseret Alphabet]]:''' 𐐘𐐈𐐞𐐀𐐢𐐇𐐣 (ɡæziːlɛm)</div></td></tr>
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Samuelfb