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||Jaredite PN||1.||Jaredite son/descendant of [[HETH]], who dwelt in captivity (Ether 1:15, 10:31)||
{| class="wikitable"
||Lehite PN||2.||Nephite son of MOSIAH II in 1st century B.C. (Mosiah 27:8–10, 32–37, 28:1–9, Alma 17:1–3, 35:14)||
|-
3. Lamanite king in 4th century A.D. (Mormon 2:9, 3:4, Moroni 9:17)
|'''[[:Category:Jaredite PN|Jaredite PN]]'''
Lehite GN 4. City of, near [[AMMONIHAH]], [[NEPHIHAH]], and [[MORONI]] (Alma
|1.
8:13–14, 50:14)
|[[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] son/descendant of [[HETH|H<small>ETH</small>]], who dwelt in captivity ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/ether/1.15,%2016?lang=eng#14 Ether 1:15, 16]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/ether/10.31?lang=eng#30 10:31 (x2)])
|-
|rowspan="2"|'''[[:Category:Lehite PN|Lehite PN]]'''
|2.
|[[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]] son of [[MOSIAH|M<small>OSIAH</small>]] II in 1st century B.C. ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/mosiah/27.34?lang=eng#33 Mosiah 27:34]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/mosiah/29.2,%203?lang=eng#1 29:2, 3]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/20.2?lang=eng#1 Alma 20:2]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/21.1,%204,%205,%207,%209,%2013?lang=eng#primary 21:Preface, 1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/22.1,%204,%207,%208,%2010,%2012,%2013,%2014,%2015,%2016,%2017,%2018,%2019,%2020,%2021,%2022,%2024,%2025,%2026,%2035?lang=eng#primary 22:1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 35]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/23.1,%204,%2016?lang=eng#primary 23:1, 4, 16]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/25.6,%2017?lang=eng#5 25:6, 17]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/26.10?lang=eng#9 26:10]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/27.19,%2025?lang=eng#18 27:19, 25]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/31.6,%2032?lang=eng#5 31:6, 32])
|-
|3.
|[[LAMANITE(S)|L<small>AMANITE</small>]] king in 4th century A.D. ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/morm/2.9?lang=eng#8 Mormon 2:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/moro/9.17?lang=eng#16 Moroni 9:17])
|-
|'''[[:Category:Lehite GN|Lehite GN]]'''
|4.
|City of, near [[AMMONIHAH|A<small>MMONIHAH</small>]], [[NEPHIHAH|N<small>EPHIHAH</small>]], and [[MORONI|M<small>ORONI</small>]] ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/8.13?lang=eng#12 Alma 8:13]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/50.14?lang=eng#13 50:14 (x2)])
|}
 
'''Etymology'''
 
Until possible language affinities for [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names must remain more speculative than substantive. With that caveat, the onomasticon does offer etymologies for some [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names, especially if it is possible that some [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names were translated into [[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]], or were otherwise related to one or more Semitic languages.
 
'''A<small>ARON</small>''' however is identical to the [[King James Version|KJV]] [[Personal Name|PN]] = [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] אהרן ''ʾahărōn'' ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/num/8/2-26#2 Numbers 8:2–26], [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/deut/32/50#50 Deuteronomy 32:50], [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/micah/6/4#4 Micah 6:4]) = [[Septuaginta. Alfred Rahlfs, ed. 8th ed. Stuttgart: Württembergische Bibelanstalt, 1965.|LXX]] Greek ''aarōn''.  None of the Book of Mormon uses refer to [[MOSES|M<small>OSES</small>]]’ brother.  The  etymology of biblical '''A<small>ARON</small>''' remains obscure, with several suggestions having been made, none of which have proven to be widely acceptable.  A few of these suggestions follow:
   
   
AARON is identical to the KJV PN = Hebrew ʾahărōn (Numbers 8:2–26, Deuteronomy 32:50, Micah 6:4) = LXX Greek aarōnHowever, none of the Book of Mormon
According to [[Ran Zadok]], aside from the ''-ōn'' termination typical of name-formation,<ref>[[Ran Zadok|Zadok, Ran]]''The Pre-Hellenistic Israelite Anthroponymy and Prosopography'', 102; cf. 160.</ref> the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] etymology is based on ''ʾhr'', which is to *''ʾār'' (from root ''ʾWR'' or ''ʾYR''
uses refer to Moses’ brother.  The etymology of biblical AARON remains obscure, with several suggestions having been made, none of which have proven to be
“give light”)<ref>[[Ran Zadok|Zadok, Ran]]''The Pre-Hellenistic Israelite Anthroponymy and Prosopography'', 102, citing Albright, [[Journal of Biblical Literature|''JBL'']] 46 (1927):172ff.</ref> as -''rhm'' (of ''ʾAbrāhām'')  is to ''rām'', thus possibly meaning something like “Light-giver.
widely acceptable. A few of these suggestions follow:
   
   
According to Ran Zadok, aside from the -ōn termination typical of name-formation,1 the Hebrew etymology is based on ʾhr, which is to *ʾār (from root ʾWR or ʾYR
Apparently basing their etymology on the Arabic [[Personal Name|PN]] Harun “Aaron,” [[George Reynolds|Reynolds]] & [[Janne M. Sjodahl|Sjodahl]] offer “A Mountain of Strength” from Arabic ''harûn'' “mountainous,”<ref>[[George Reynolds|Reynolds, George]], and [[Janne M. Sjodahl]], ''Commentary on the Book of Mormon'', VI:46. </ref> as in Harun al-Rašid (هَارُون الرَشِيد). A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] folk-etymology with the same meaning may also have existed, but we have no evidence of it.
“give light”)2 as -rhm (of ʾAbrāhāmis to rām, thus possibly meaning something like “Light-giver.
   
   
Apparently basing their etymology on the Arabic PN Harun “Aaron,” Reynolds & Sjodahl offer “A Mountain of Strength” from Arabic harûn “mountainous,”3 as in
[[Ludwig Koehler|Koehler]] & [[Walter Baumgartner|Baumgartner]] cited [[Ignaz Hösl|Ignaz Hösl]]’s suggestion that it derived from [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]] ''ʿЗ-rn'' “Great-is-the-name (of God, or of Pharaoh),”<ref>[[Koehler, Ludwig]], and [[Walter Baumgartner]], [[Koehler, Ludwig, and Walter Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament. 5 vols. revised by W. Baumgartner and Johann J. Stamm. Leiden: Brill, 1994. trans. of 5-volume 3rd German edition.|''HALOT'']], citing Hösl in ''Serta Monacensia für F. Babinger'', 85.</ref> but [[William F. Albright]] doubted it could be shown to be [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]],<ref>[[William F. Albright|Albright, William F.]], ''Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan''. 165 (143-144 in London ed.).</ref> and [[John Gee]] argues that such a correspondence is impossible since (1) there is no ʿ to ''З'' shift in [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]] until Ptolemaic times, and (2) Coptic ran, “name,” has a short -a- vowel.  Moreover, the -''h''- in ''ʾahărōn'' is absent from the crucial portion of the [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]] examples such as ''ʿЗ-Ḥr'' “Horus-is-great” (= Phoenician ''ʿḥr''), ''Ḥr-ʿЗ'', ''ʿImn-ʿЗ'', ''Mwt-ʿЗ, Зst-tЗ-ʿЗ, Зs(t)-ʿЗ(t)'' [= Phoenician ''ʾsʿʾ''], ''Ptḥ-ʿЗ'',<ref>[[Yoshiyuki Muchiki|Muchiki, Yoshiyuki]]''Egyptian Proper Names and Loanwords in North-West Semitic'', 15-16.</ref> etc.
  Harun al-RašidA Hebrew folk- etymology with the same meaning may also have existed, but we have no evidence of it.
   
   
Koehler & Baumgartner cited Ignaz Hösl’s suggestion that it derived from Egyptian ʿЗ-rn “Great-is-the-name (of God, or of Pharaoh),”4 but William F. Albright
Another very unlikely possibility adds a prothetic -''a''-, to a problematic instance of Aramaic ''Ḥrwn'' on a 26th Dynasty Serapeum grave stele as a transliteration of [[EGYPT|E<small>GYPTIAN</small>]] ''Ḥr-wn'' “Horus-exists,”<ref>[[Yoshiyuki Muchiki|Muchiki]], ''Egyptian Proper Names and Loanwords'', 83, citing Segal, ''Aramaic Texts from North Saqqâra'', 190.</ref> which improperly suggests that -''h''- might derive from -''''-.
doubted it could be shown to be  Egyptian,5 and John Gee argues that such a correspondence is impossible since (1) there is no ʿ to З shift in Egyptian until
 
Ptolemaic times, and (2) Coptic ran, “name,” has a short -a- vowel.  Moreover, the -h- in ʾahărōn is absent from the crucial portion of the Egyptian examples such
See [[PAHORAN|P<small>AHORON</small>/P<small>AHORAN</small>]], [[PHARAOH|P<small>HARAOH</small>]].
as ʿЗ-Ḥr “Horus-is-great” (= Phoenician ʿḥr), Ḥr-ʿЗ, ʿImn-ʿЗ, Mwt-ʿЗ, Зst-tЗ-ʿЗ, Зs(t)-ʿЗ(t) [=  Phoenician ʾsʿʾ], Ptḥ-ʿЗ,6 etc.
 
See also [[Comnor / Comron Variant]]
Another very unlikely possibility adds a prothetic -a-, to a problematic instance of Aramaic Ḥrwn on a 26th Dynasty Serapeum grave stele as a transliteration of
 
Egyptian Ḥr-wn “Horus-exists,”7 which improperly suggests that -h- might derive from -ḥ-.
'''Variants'''
See COMRON, PAHORON/PAHORAN, PHARAOH.
 
'''[[Deseret Alphabet]]:''' 𐐁𐐡𐐊𐐤 (eɪrʌn)
Bibliography
 
'''Notes'''
[[Albright, William F.]], Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan: A Historical Analysis of Two
----
Contrasting Faiths. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1968.  Pagination differs from London edition.  YGC
<references/>
 
[[Hösl, Ignaz]].  “Zur orientalistiche Namenskunde: Maria–Moses–Aaron: Ein
'''Bibliography'''
philologische Studie,”in Serta Monacensia für F. Babinger, 80–85.  Leiden: Brill, 1952.
----
*[[William F. Albright|Albright, William F.]], ''Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan: A Historical Analysis of Two Contrasting Faiths''. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1968.  Pagination differs from London edition.  [[William F. Albright, Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan: A Historical Analysis of Two Contrasting Faiths. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1968/ reprint Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1978. Pagination differs from London edition.|''YGC'']]
[[Koehler, Ludwig]], and Walter Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old
*[[Ignaz Hösl|Hösl, Ignaz]].  “Zur orientalistischen Namenskunde: Maria–Moses–Aaron: Eine philologische Studie,” in ''Serta Monacensia für F. Babinger'', 80–85.  Leiden: Brill, 1952.
Testament, 5 vols., revised by W. Baumgartner & Johann J. Stamm.  Leiden: Brill, 1994.  HALOT
*[[Ludwig Koehler|Koehler, Ludwig]], and [[Walter Baumgartner]], ''The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament'', 5 vols., revised by [[Walter Baumgartner|W. Baumgartner]] & Johann J. Stamm.  Leiden: Brill, 1994.  [[Koehler, Ludwig, and Walter Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament. 5 vols. revised by W. Baumgartner and Johann J. Stamm. Leiden: Brill, 1994. trans. of 5-volume 3rd German edition.|''HALOT'']]
*[[Yoshiyuki Muchiki|Muchiki, Yoshiyuki]]. ''Egyptian Proper Names and Loanwords in North-West Semitic'', [[Society of Biblical Literature|SBL]] Dissertation Series 173.  Atlanta: [[Society of Biblical Literature|SBL]], 1999.
[[Muchiki, Yoshiyuki]]. Egyptian Proper Names and Loanwords in North-West Semitic, SBL
*[[George Reynolds|Reynolds, George]], and [[Janne M. Sjodahl]], ''Commentary on the Book of Mormon'', 7 vols., P. C. Reynolds, ed.  [[Salt Lake City|SLC]]: Deseret Book, 1955-1961.  [[George Reynolds and Janne M. Sjodahl, Commentary on the Book of Mormon. P. C. Reynolds, ed. 7 vols. SLC: Deseret Book, 1955–1961.|''CBM'']]
Dissertation Series 173.  Atlanta: SBL, 1999.
*[[J. B. Segal|Segal, J. B.]]  ''The Aramaic Texts from North Saqqâra with Some Fragments in Phoenician''. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1983.
*[[John A. Tvedtnes|Tvedtnes, John A.]]  “What’s in a Name?  A Look at the Book of Mormon Onomasticon.” ''[[Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies|FARMS]] Review of Books'' 8/2 (1996):34–42.
[[Reynolds, George]], and [[Janne M. Sjodahl]], Commentary on the Book of Mormon, 7 vols.,
*[[Ran Zadok|Zadok, Ran]].  ''The Pre-Hellenistic Israelite Anthroponymy and Prosopography'', [[Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta|OLA]] 28. Louvain: Peeters, 1988.
P. C. Reynolds, ed.  SLC: Deseret Book, 1955-1961.  CBM
 
[[Category:Names]] [[Category:Jaredite PN]] [[Category:Lehite PN]] [[Category:Lehite GN]]
[[Segal, J. B.]]  The Aramaic Texts from North Saqqâra with Some Fragments in Phoenician.
 
London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1983.
 
<div style="text-align: center;"> [[ZORAMITE(S)|<<]] Aaron [[ABEL|>>]] </div>
[[Tvedtnes, John A.]]  “What’s in a Name?  A Look at the Book of Mormon Onomasticon.”
==[[Name Index]]==
FARMS Review of Books 8/2 (1996):34–42 .
<big>
{|border="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%pt"
[[Zadok, Ran]].  The Pre-Hellenistic Israelite Anthroponymy and Prosopography, OLA 28.
|-
Louvain: Peeters, 1988.
|[[A]]
|[[B]]
RFS
|[[C]]
[[Category:Names]][[Category:Biblical Names]]
|[[D]]
|[[E]]
|<font color="lightgray">F</font>
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|[[I]]
|[[J]]
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|[[M]]
|[[N]]
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|[[S]]
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|<font color="lightgray">W</font>
|<font color="lightgray">X</font>
|<font color="lightgray">Y</font>
|[[Z]]
|}

Latest revision as of 08:23, 22 June 2023

Jaredite PN 1. JAREDITE son/descendant of HETH, who dwelt in captivity (Ether 1:15, 16; 10:31 (x2))
Lehite PN 2. NEPHITE son of MOSIAH II in 1st century B.C. (Mosiah 27:34; 29:2, 3; Alma 20:2; 21:Preface, 1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13; 22:1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 35; 23:1, 4, 16; 25:6, 17; 26:10; 27:19, 25; 31:6, 32)
3. LAMANITE king in 4th century A.D. (Mormon 2:9; Moroni 9:17)
Lehite GN 4. City of, near AMMONIHAH, NEPHIHAH, and MORONI (Alma 8:13; 50:14 (x2))

Etymology

Until possible language affinities for JAREDITE names can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of JAREDITE names must remain more speculative than substantive. With that caveat, the onomasticon does offer etymologies for some JAREDITE names, especially if it is possible that some JAREDITE names were translated into NEPHITE, or were otherwise related to one or more Semitic languages.

AARON however is identical to the KJV PN = HEBREW אהרן ʾahărōn (Numbers 8:2–26, Deuteronomy 32:50, Micah 6:4) = LXX Greek aarōn. None of the Book of Mormon uses refer to MOSES’ brother. The etymology of biblical AARON remains obscure, with several suggestions having been made, none of which have proven to be widely acceptable. A few of these suggestions follow:

According to Ran Zadok, aside from the -ōn termination typical of name-formation,[1] the HEBREW etymology is based on ʾhr, which is to *ʾār (from root ʾWR or ʾYR “give light”)[2] as -rhm (of ʾAbrāhām) is to rām, thus possibly meaning something like “Light-giver.”

Apparently basing their etymology on the Arabic PN Harun “Aaron,” Reynolds & Sjodahl offer “A Mountain of Strength” from Arabic harûn “mountainous,”[3] as in Harun al-Rašid (هَارُون الرَشِيد). A HEBREW folk-etymology with the same meaning may also have existed, but we have no evidence of it.

Koehler & Baumgartner cited Ignaz Hösl’s suggestion that it derived from EGYPTIAN ʿЗ-rn “Great-is-the-name (of God, or of Pharaoh),”[4] but William F. Albright doubted it could be shown to be EGYPTIAN,[5] and John Gee argues that such a correspondence is impossible since (1) there is no ʿ to З shift in EGYPTIAN until Ptolemaic times, and (2) Coptic ran, “name,” has a short -a- vowel. Moreover, the -h- in ʾahărōn is absent from the crucial portion of the EGYPTIAN examples such as ʿЗ-Ḥr “Horus-is-great” (= Phoenician ʿḥr), Ḥr-ʿЗ, ʿImn-ʿЗ, Mwt-ʿЗ, Зst-tЗ-ʿЗ, Зs(t)-ʿЗ(t) [= Phoenician ʾsʿʾ], Ptḥ-ʿЗ,[6] etc.

Another very unlikely possibility adds a prothetic -a-, to a problematic instance of Aramaic Ḥrwn on a 26th Dynasty Serapeum grave stele as a transliteration of EGYPTIAN Ḥr-wn “Horus-exists,”[7] which improperly suggests that -h- might derive from --.

See PAHORON/PAHORAN, PHARAOH.

See also Comnor / Comron Variant

Variants

Deseret Alphabet: 𐐁𐐡𐐊𐐤 (eɪrʌn)

Notes


  1. Zadok, Ran. The Pre-Hellenistic Israelite Anthroponymy and Prosopography, 102; cf. 160.
  2. Zadok, Ran. The Pre-Hellenistic Israelite Anthroponymy and Prosopography, 102, citing Albright, JBL 46 (1927):172ff.
  3. Reynolds, George, and Janne M. Sjodahl, Commentary on the Book of Mormon, VI:46.
  4. Koehler, Ludwig, and Walter Baumgartner, HALOT, citing Hösl in Serta Monacensia für F. Babinger, 85.
  5. Albright, William F., Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan. 165 (143-144 in London ed.).
  6. Muchiki, Yoshiyuki. Egyptian Proper Names and Loanwords in North-West Semitic, 15-16.
  7. Muchiki, Egyptian Proper Names and Loanwords, 83, citing Segal, Aramaic Texts from North Saqqâra, 190.

Bibliography


  • Albright, William F., Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan: A Historical Analysis of Two Contrasting Faiths. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1968. Pagination differs from London edition. YGC
  • Hösl, Ignaz. “Zur orientalistischen Namenskunde: Maria–Moses–Aaron: Eine philologische Studie,” in Serta Monacensia für F. Babinger, 80–85. Leiden: Brill, 1952.
  • Koehler, Ludwig, and Walter Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, 5 vols., revised by W. Baumgartner & Johann J. Stamm. Leiden: Brill, 1994. HALOT
  • Muchiki, Yoshiyuki. Egyptian Proper Names and Loanwords in North-West Semitic, SBL Dissertation Series 173. Atlanta: SBL, 1999.
  • Reynolds, George, and Janne M. Sjodahl, Commentary on the Book of Mormon, 7 vols., P. C. Reynolds, ed. SLC: Deseret Book, 1955-1961. CBM
  • Segal, J. B. The Aramaic Texts from North Saqqâra with Some Fragments in Phoenician. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1983.
  • Tvedtnes, John A. “What’s in a Name? A Look at the Book of Mormon Onomasticon.” FARMS Review of Books 8/2 (1996):34–42.
  • Zadok, Ran. The Pre-Hellenistic Israelite Anthroponymy and Prosopography, OLA 28. Louvain: Peeters, 1988.


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