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F. Ellermeier, 1979-1980.
F. Ellermeier, 1979-1980.


Nibley, Hugh W.  ''Lehi in the Desert and the World of the Jaredites'', 1<sup>st</sup> ed. (1952) = ''Collected Works of Hugh Nibley'' V.  Provo: [[Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies|FARMS]]/SLC: Deseret Book, 1988.
Nibley, Hugh W.  ''Lehi in the Desert and the World of the Jaredites'', 1<sup>st</sup> ed. (1952) = ''Collected Works of Hugh Nibley'' V.  Provo: [[Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies|FARMS]]/[[Salt Lake City|SLC]]: Deseret Book, 1988.


Owen, David I., and Gordon D. Young.  “Ur III Texts in the Zion Research Library,
Owen, David I., and Gordon D. Young.  “Ur III Texts in the Zion Research Library,

Revision as of 17:27, 18 November 2014

Lehite noun 1. Food plant listed along with SHEUM and seeds of corn, barley, wheat, and various unspecified fruits (Mosiah 9:9)

Etymology

Perhaps a JAREDITE carryover, like SHEUM, which see. Possibly composed with Old Akkadian ás, “resin, seed, cereal, emmer-wheat,” from Akkadian áš, aś, ás, áz, áṣ (úÁŠ/ZÍZ, ZĪZU II) “resin; emmer-wheat, cereal-food; dry-measure of 3 BAN”[1] – used, for example, in úÁŠ.DUG.GA “opium poppy,” in the name of the Sumerian grain-goddess, Ashnan (M. Civil), asnan,[2] and in A.ŠA, aš-šum “field” (= GÁN).[3]

Cf. Old & Late Babylonian nušû, nešu, a plant of some sort (PYH).[4]

Cf. also Akkadian eša (A.TIR) as the name of “an unidentified cereal” in cuneiform texts.[5]

PYH suggests that it might have been borrowed into Lehite from a native, indigenous vocabel, perhaps along the lines of quinoa, amaranth, jocote (mombin), manioc (cassava),[6] chile, or other grains or food plants native to the Americas and unknown to Joseph Smith.

Benjamin Urrutia suggested nys “anise,” but failed to indicate the source language.[7] However, he may have intended Demotic Зmys “anise; dill”[8] > Copt. emise, amici; Greek anēthon, anison > Latin anisum.[9]

Hugh Nibley long ago argued that “the fact that Nephite weights and measures bear Jaredite names indicates long cultural overlap” with the NEPHITES or people of ZARAHEMLA.[10]

See SHEUM.

Cf. Book of Mormon NEUM

See also Neas Variants

Variants

Neas Variants

Deseret Alphabet: 𐐤𐐀𐐈𐐞 (niːæz)

Notes

  1. ↑ MZ #548 (p. 361), noting also that ÁŠ(ZIZ)-AN-NA = kunāšu “emmer”; cf. von Soden, AHw, 506 (cf. also Deimel, ŠL, 339.1,10,22,38; CAD, “A,” I/II:234a).
  2. ↑ Black, George, and Postgate, Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 28; CAD, “A,” I/II:450-452.
  3. ↑ Von Soden, AHw, I:85 mB/mA ašû IV “arable land?”; Ellermeier, Sumerisches Glossar, I/1, Sumerisches Lautwerte, 1:22; 2:607.
  4. ↑ Von Soden, AHw, II:806; CAD, “N,” 11, part II:355.
  5. ↑ Owen & Young, JCS, 23/4 (1971):98, texts 6:4,6 “eša-flour”; MZ, #839 (p. 437).
  6. ↑ Manioc was recently discovered at Ceren, El Salvador, to be dated 1400 years ago to the time of a massive volcanic eruption (www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/08/070820122541.htm , and www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090616133940.htm ).
  7. ↑ J. L. Sorenson, 1980 letter.
  8. ↑ Černý, Coptic Etym. 35; Westendorf, KHw, 36.
  9. ↑ Černý, Coptic Etym. 35; Westendorf, KHw, 36.
  10. ↑ Nibley, Lehi in the Desert and the World of the Jaredites (1952) = Collected Works of Hugh Nibley, V (FARMS/Deseret, 1988):246.

Bibliography

Black, J., A. George, and N. Postgate, eds. A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2000.

Borger, Rykle. Mespotamisches Zeichenlexikon, 2nd ed., AOAT 305. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2010.

CAD – Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.

Deimel, Anton. Šumerisches Lexikon, 6 vols. Rome: PBI, 1928.

Ellermeier, Friedrich. Sumerisches Glossar, I/1: Sumerische Lautwerte, 1 & 2. Göttingen: F. Ellermeier, 1979-1980.

Nibley, Hugh W. Lehi in the Desert and the World of the Jaredites, 1st ed. (1952) = Collected Works of Hugh Nibley V. Provo: FARMS/SLC: Deseret Book, 1988.

Owen, David I., and Gordon D. Young. “Ur III Texts in the Zion Research Library, Boston,” Journal of Cuneiform Studies, 23/4 (1971):95-115.

von Soden, Wolfram. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch, 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965-1981. AHw

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