ZORAM: Difference between revisions
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|'''[[:Category:Lehite PN|Lehite PN]]''' | |'''[[:Category:Lehite PN|Lehite PN]]''' | ||
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|Servant of [[LABAN|L<small>ABAN</small>]] ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/1-ne/4. | |Servant of [[LABAN|L<small>ABAN</small>]] ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/1-ne/4.35,%2037?lang=eng#34 1 Nephi 4:35 (x2), 37]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/1-ne/16.7?lang=eng#6 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/2-ne/1.30?lang=eng#29 2 Nephi 1:30]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/2-ne/5.6?lang=eng#5 5:6]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/54.23?lang=eng#22 Alma 54:23]) | ||
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|Chief captain of [[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]] armies, ca. 81 B.C. ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/ | |Chief captain of [[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]] armies, ca. 81 B.C. ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/16.5,%207?lang=eng#4 Alma 16:5 (x2), 7]) | ||
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|[[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]] apostate and leader of [[ZORAMITE(S)|Z<small>ORAMITES</small>]] ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/30.59?lang=eng#58 Alma 30:59] | |[[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]] apostate and leader of [[ZORAMITE(S)|Z<small>ORAMITES</small>]] ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/30.59?lang=eng#58 Alma 30:59]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/31.1?lang=eng#primary 31:1]) | ||
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Revision as of 08:55, 7 August 2012
| Lehite PN | 1. | Servant of LABAN (1 Nephi 4:35 (x2), 37; 16:7; 2 Nephi 1:30; 5:6; Alma 54:23) |
| 2. | Chief captain of NEPHITE armies, ca. 81 B.C. (Alma 16:5 (x2), 7) | |
| 3. | NEPHITE apostate and leader of ZORAMITES (Alma 30:59; 31:1) |
Etymology
Likely theophorous Hebrew ṣûrām “Their-Rock” (ǁYHWH; Deuteronomy 32:30 = LXX theos “God”), and more explicitly ʼĕlōhîm ṣûrām “God was their Rock” (Psalm 78:35; ṣûr yîśrāʼēl “Rock of Israel,” 2 Samuel 23:3; and ṣûr yîśrāʼēl “Mighty One of Israel,” Isaiah 30:29; ṣûrî “My strength,” Psalm 18:2 [3]; or simply ṣûr “Mighty God,” Habakkuk 1:12), etc. Cf. usage of this Semitic root in Hebrew Ṣōr, Ṣôr “Tyre; the Rock” (= EGYPTIAN Dr, DЗ(y)r, DЗwyr, DЗwЗr “Tyre”[1] = Phoenician Ṣr, Greek Tyros).[2]
Another possibility is hypothetical Hebrew *ṣûr-ʿām “Rock of the people.”
Bill Hamblin (2012) suggests that the etymology is a form of Hebrew zerem “flowing water, rain,” and that ZORAM is not simply a “servant,” but a “slave” to LABAN, since Hebrew ʿebed means both, and since NEPHI convinces ZORAM to take an oath to join the Lehite clan so that he will then be free and no longer a slave (1 Nephi 4:33). If ZORAM is LABAN’s slave, then his name might very well reflect foreign nationality (ISRAELITES were not allowed to hold other ISRAELITES in slavery), and the possibility that he was Tyrian might help explain the tendency to heresy of the much later ZORAMITES.
Cf. EGYPTIAN god-name Zrm (Book of the Dead spell 39 S 5).
See Book of Mormon ZORAMITE(S).
RFS
Cf. Book of Mormon ZERAM, CEZORAM, SEEZORAM, ZEEZROM, ESROM, EZROM/EZRUM.
See also Zoram / Zorum Variants
Variants
Deseret Alphabet:
Notes
- ↑ Pap Anastasi I, 21, 1, Urkunden IV:891, El Amarna Letters; cf. the EGYPTIAN root word dri(t), drry “wall, siege-wall”; drw “walls; boundary.”
- ↑ Barker, Temple Mysticism (SPCK, 2011), 120-121, 136, suggests that Hebrew ṣûr in these instances actually means “form, essence; engraved archetype; Invisible One” (Deuteronomy 32:4, 15; 2 Samuel 23:3; Isaiah 44:8; 4Q405:19), like Hebrew děmût, the “invisible reality” in the Holy of Holies – upon which physical realization is based.
