JACOBUGATH: Difference between revisions

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|'''[[:Category:Lehite GN|Lehite GN]]'''
|'''[[:Category:Lehite GN|Lehite GN]]'''
|1.
|1.
|City of people of Jacob No. 4, ca. 30 AD ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/3_ne/9/9#9 3 Nephi 9:9])
|City of people of [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] No. 4, ca. 30 AD ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/3_ne/9/9#9 3 Nephi 9:9])
|}
|}


Most likely the name means “Jacob of the winepress” or similar ([[Jo Ann Hackett|JH]]), from the biblical PN ''yaʿaqōb'' and ''gt'', “winepress,” appearing in the Philistine GN Gath. The medial “-''u''-”  
Most likely the name means “[[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] of the winepress” or similar ([[Jo Ann Hackett|JH]]), from the biblical PN ''yaʿaqōb'' and ''gt'', “winepress,” appearing in the [[PHILISTINES|P<small>HILISTINE</small>]] GN Gath. The medial “-''u''-”  
could be the vestigal nominative case ending, such as in the biblical GN Penuel or in the PN Methuselah. But by the time of [[LEHI|L<small>EHI</small>]] such use of the case endings had long ceased  
could be the vestigal nominative case ending, such as in the biblical GN Penuel or in the PN Methuselah. But by the time of [[LEHI|L<small>EHI</small>]] such use of the case endings had long ceased  
to be a part of the living language. Therefore, its appearance in this Book of Mormon GN must have been a conscious (even if misunderstood) anachronism.<ref>After reading “Jacob” as a verb with a vestigial proto-Semitic “u” of the indicative mode, [[Jo Ann Hackett|JH]] adds that “this is a rather desperate explanation,” because it would require that the “u” be added by analogy to other place names with vestigial case endings (e.g., Penuel) by people who did not understand the significance of that vowel. But according to [[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]], the problem could be resolved, of course, if the name J<small>ACOBUGATH</small> were built around [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] as a PN rather than as a verb, which it was, of course, for the Israelites ([[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]]). This is what I have done above.</ref> Compare the biblical PN Genubath in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/11/20#20 1 Kings 11:20], which means *
to be a part of the living language. Therefore, its appearance in this Book of Mormon GN must have been a conscious (even if misunderstood) anachronism.<ref>After reading “[[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]]” as a verb with a vestigial proto-Semitic “''u''” of the indicative mode, [[Jo Ann Hackett|JH]] adds that “this is a rather desperate explanation,” because it would require that the “''u''” be added by analogy to other place names with vestigial case endings (e.g., Penuel) by people who did not understand the significance of that vowel. But according to [[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]], the problem could be resolved, of course, if the name J<small>ACOBUGATH</small> were built around [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] as a PN rather than as a verb, which it was, of course, for the [[ISRAELITES|I<small>SRAELITES</small>]] ([[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]]). This is what I have done above.</ref> Compare the biblical PN Genubath in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/11/20#20 1 Kings 11:20], which means *


It has also been proposed that this is a compound name built from “Jacob,” the name of the Nephite founder of the city, and from “Ogath,” a Jaredite GN ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ether/15/10#10 Ether 15:10]) ([[Robert F. Smith|RFS]]).
It has also been proposed that this is a compound name built from “[[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]],” the name of the [[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]] founder of the city, and from “Ogath,” a [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] GN ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ether/15/10#10 Ether 15:10]) ([[Robert F. Smith|RFS]]).


The “''u''” can also be explained, though with less likelihood, as the common Semitic conjunction “and.” This yields the interpretation “Jacob-and-the-wine-press” (reading “''gath''” as above) ([[Robert F. Smith|RFS]]). The conjunction is always written with a vav (ו) in North-west Semitic, but pronounced in Masoretic Hebrew sometimes as “''u''” and sometimes as “''ve'',” depending on the *environs. In the case here, Masoretic pronunciation would require the “''ve''” and not the “''u'',” which is why reading the “''u''” as a conjunction is less likely ([[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]]). However, no one has yet proven that [[LEHI|L<small>EHI</small>]] and his descendants were subject to Masoretic pronunciation.
The “''u''” can also be explained, though with less likelihood, as the common Semitic conjunction “and.” This yields the interpretation “[[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]]-and-the-wine-press” (reading “''gath''” as above) ([[Robert F. Smith|RFS]]). The conjunction is always written with a vav (ו) in North-west Semitic, but pronounced in Masoretic Hebrew sometimes as “''u''” and sometimes as “''ve'',” depending on the *environs. In the case here, Masoretic pronunciation would require the “''ve''” and not the “''u'',” which is why reading the “''u''” as a conjunction is less likely ([[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]]). However, no one has yet proven that [[LEHI|L<small>EHI</small>]] and his descendants were subject to Masoretic pronunciation.


Cf. Book of Mormon [[JACOB]], [[OGATH]]. Per [[Robert F. Smith|RFS]], cf. also Gad, [[GID]].
Cf. Book of Mormon [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]], [[OGATH|O<small>GATH</small>]]. Per [[Robert F. Smith|RFS]], cf. also Gad, [[GID|G<small>ID</small>]].


See also [[Jacobugath / / Jacob Ugath / Jacob-Ugath Variant]], [[JACOB]] and [[JACOBITES]]
See also [[Jacobugath / / Jacob Ugath / Jacob-Ugath Variant]], [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] and [[JACOBITES|J<small>ACOBITES</small>]]


==Notes==
==Notes==

Revision as of 10:18, 10 February 2012

Lehite GN 1. City of people of JACOB No. 4, ca. 30 AD (3 Nephi 9:9)

Most likely the name means “JACOB of the winepress” or similar (JH), from the biblical PN yaʿaqōb and gt, “winepress,” appearing in the PHILISTINE GN Gath. The medial “-u-” could be the vestigal nominative case ending, such as in the biblical GN Penuel or in the PN Methuselah. But by the time of LEHI such use of the case endings had long ceased to be a part of the living language. Therefore, its appearance in this Book of Mormon GN must have been a conscious (even if misunderstood) anachronism.[1] Compare the biblical PN Genubath in 1 Kings 11:20, which means *

It has also been proposed that this is a compound name built from “JACOB,” the name of the NEPHITE founder of the city, and from “Ogath,” a JAREDITE GN (Ether 15:10) (RFS).

The “u” can also be explained, though with less likelihood, as the common Semitic conjunction “and.” This yields the interpretation “JACOB-and-the-wine-press” (reading “gath” as above) (RFS). The conjunction is always written with a vav (ו) in North-west Semitic, but pronounced in Masoretic Hebrew sometimes as “u” and sometimes as “ve,” depending on the *environs. In the case here, Masoretic pronunciation would require the “ve” and not the “u,” which is why reading the “u” as a conjunction is less likely (JAT). However, no one has yet proven that LEHI and his descendants were subject to Masoretic pronunciation.

Cf. Book of Mormon JACOB, OGATH. Per RFS, cf. also Gad, GID.

See also Jacobugath / / Jacob Ugath / Jacob-Ugath Variant, JACOB and JACOBITES

Notes

  1. ↑ After reading “JACOB” as a verb with a vestigial proto-Semitic “u” of the indicative mode, JH adds that “this is a rather desperate explanation,” because it would require that the “u” be added by analogy to other place names with vestigial case endings (e.g., Penuel) by people who did not understand the significance of that vowel. But according to JAT, the problem could be resolved, of course, if the name JACOBUGATH were built around JACOB as a PN rather than as a verb, which it was, of course, for the ISRAELITES (JAT). This is what I have done above.
RFS
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