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|Biblical PN
|'''[[:Category:Biblical PN|Biblical PN]]'''
|Great priest-king of biblical Salem to whom Abraham paid tithes (Alma 13:14-19; cf. D&C 84:14, 107:2-4). P ms MELCHEZIDEK; 1830 MELCHIZEDEK (preferred by R. Skousen).<ref>Skousen, ATV 3:1892-1893; cf. FARMS’ Book of Mormon Critical Text, 2nd ed., II:605-606.</ref>  
|1.
|Biblical king ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/13.14,%2015,%2017,%2018?lang=eng#13 Alma 13:14, 15, 17, 18 (x2)])  
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Old Testament KJV Melchizedek = New Testament KJV Melchisedec. Hebrew malkî-ṣedeq melek šālēm, kohēn le’ēl ‘elîyôn “Melchi-Zedek, king of Salem, priest of the
Most High God.” (Genesis 14:18); malkî-ṣedeq, kohēn le‘olām “Melchi-Zedek, a priest forever” (Psalm 110:4) = Greek su hiereus eis ton aiōna . . . melchisedek
(Hebrews 5:6; 7:17); archiereus . . . ton aiōna (6:20). Hebrew malkî-ṣedeq means “King of Righteousness.” See also Alma 13:14-19, where there is a suggestion that
Melchizedek was co-regent with his father, and that “he did establish peace (šālôm) in the land in his days; therefore he was called the Prince of Peace [šar-šālôm],<ref>Cf. Isaiah 9:6 [LXX MT 9:5] ‖2 Nephi 19:6.</ref> for he was the King of Salem [melek šālēm].” Mlky ṣdq also occurs in 4Q280 frag. 1, and 4Q‘Amram (“Vision of Amram”), where his opposite is mlky rš‘ “King of Iniquity”
= Belial in 11QMelch; cf. Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, I, 10, 2 (_180); II Enoch 71-72; Melchizedek (Nag Hammadi Codex IX, 1) 1:1, 12:10, 15:9, in Sa‘idic Coptic,
but translated from a no-longer extant Greek version.


This name (throne name?) or title is very close in structure and meaning to the Hebrew transliteration sargôn melek ‘aššur “Sargon, King of Assyria” (Isaiah 20:1) =
'''Etymology'''
Akkadian šarrum-ken, šarru-ukin “Legitimized King.” Note also the similar name structure for Adoni-Zedek “(My)-Lord-is-Justice; (My)-God-is-Righteousness,” an
Amorite king of Jerusalem (Joshua 10:1, 3). So common is the epithet that even Hammurabi terms himself “King of Justice” (Codex Hammurabi xlix, 17).<ref>Indeed, even Hindu Yudhishthira - as son and avatar of his father, the god Dharma - was known as Dharma-raja, “King of Righteousness.” Moreover, though he was
of the Kshatriya-warrior caste, his virtues were those of Brahman-priest (Mahabharata 12.55.5-9). Alma Gygi equated Melchizedek with Shem in Ensign, 3/11 (Nov 1973):
15-16, citing especially Times and Seasons, VI:746 (“Shem, who was Melchizedek”), Joseph F. Smith, Gospel Doctrine (SLC: Deseret Book, 1919), 474, and L. Ginzburg,
Legends of the Jews, 7 vols. (Philadelphia, 1909-1913, 1938), 233 (online at Philologos); for the same Shem-Melchizedek tradition, see Michael Astour, “Melchizedek
(Person),” in D. Freedman, ed., ABD, IV:686, citing Babylonian Talmud (Nedarim 32b) as well as the Jewish Aramaic targums (Targums Neofiti and Pseudo-Jonathan); see the
thorough discussion and bibliography in J. W. Welch, “The Melchizedek Material in Alma 13:13-19,” in J. Lundquist & S. Ricks, eds., By Study and Also By Faith: Essays in
Honor of Hugh W. Nibley, 2 vols. (Provo: FARMS/SLC: Deseret Book, 1990), II:238-272. See also the Lectures on Faith. </ref> 


Cf. the Egyptian transliteration M3k3m for Akkadian Malki-ilum in the Execration Texts.<ref>Ächtungstexte/Execration Texts, cited by Albright, VESO, _13, p. 7.</ref>
'''M<small>ELCHIZEDEK</small>''' the biblical king of [[SALEM|S<small>ALEM</small>]] is mentioned five times in [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/alma/13?lang=eng Alma 13] but is not otherwise mentioned as a separate figure in the Book of Mormon. The name '''M<small>ELCHIZEDEK</small>''' derives from juxtaposing two [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] words, ''king'' (מלך ''melek'') and ''righteousness'' (צדק ''ṣedeq''). The form of the juxtaposition, מלכי-צדק ''malkî-ṣedeq'', allows for two different interpretations of the name, “My King is Righteousness” (reading the ''i'' as the first person pronominal suffix), or “King of Righteousness” (reading the ''i'' as a ''hireq compaginis'').


See [[MELEK]], [[MULEK]], [[MULOKI]].
See [[MELEK|M<small>ELEK</small>]], [[MULEK|M<small>ULEK</small>]], [[MULOKI|M<small>ULOKI</small>]].


See also [[Melchizedek / Melchezidek / Melchesidek Variants]]
See also [[Melchizedek / Melchezidek / Melchesidek Variants]]


==Notes==
'''Variants'''
 
[[Melchizedek / Melchezidek / Melchesidek Variants|Melchezidek]], [[Melchizedek / Melchezidek / Melchesidek Variants|Melchesidek]]
 
'''[[Deseret Alphabet]]:''' 𐐣𐐇𐐢𐐕𐐆𐐞𐐀𐐔𐐇𐐗 (mɛltʃɪziːdɛk)
 
'''Notes'''
----
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Names]][[Category:Biblical Names]]
[[Category:Names]][[Category:Biblical PN]]
 
<div style="text-align: center;"> [[MEDES|<<]] Melchizedek [[MELEK|>>]] </div>
 
==[[Name Index]]==
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|[[A]]
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|<font color="lightgray">F</font>
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|[[I]]
|[[J]]
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|[[L]]
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|[[O]]
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|[[R]]
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|<font color="lightgray">Y</font>
|[[Z]]
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Latest revision as of 07:53, 27 September 2023

Biblical PN 1. Biblical king (Alma 13:14, 15, 17, 18 (x2))

Etymology

MELCHIZEDEK the biblical king of SALEM is mentioned five times in Alma 13 but is not otherwise mentioned as a separate figure in the Book of Mormon. The name MELCHIZEDEK derives from juxtaposing two HEBREW words, king (מלך melek) and righteousness (צדק ṣedeq). The form of the juxtaposition, מלכי-צדק malkî-ṣedeq, allows for two different interpretations of the name, “My King is Righteousness” (reading the i as the first person pronominal suffix), or “King of Righteousness” (reading the i as a hireq compaginis).

See MELEK, MULEK, MULOKI.

See also Melchizedek / Melchezidek / Melchesidek Variants

Variants

Melchezidek, Melchesidek

Deseret Alphabet: 𐐣𐐇𐐢𐐕𐐆𐐞𐐀𐐔𐐇𐐗 (mɛltʃɪziːdɛk)

Notes


<< Melchizedek >>

Name Index

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