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'''Etymology''' | '''Etymology''' | ||
This name appears in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_sam/10/16,17#16 2 Samuel 10:16 & 17] as a [[Geographical Name|GN]]. The etymology is not certain even in [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]]. | This name appears in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_sam/10/16,17#16 2 Samuel 10:16 & 17] as a [[Geographical Name|GN]] (חילם ''ḥêlām''). The etymology is not certain even in [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]], although Stephen K. Ehat points out that Latin Vulgate ''eorum exercitum'' (2 Samuel 10:16) interprets the Hebrew word to mean “their-army,” saying that | ||
There is a root in [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]], ''ḥlm'', that can mean “healthy, to become strong, to be strong,” ([[L. Koehler, W. Baumgartner, Hebräisches und Aramäisches Lexikon zum Alten Testament. 3 vols. Auflage Leiden: Brill, 2004.|''HAL'']] and [[J. Hoftijzer, and K. Jongeling, Dictionary of the North-West Semitic Inscriptions. 2nd ed. HOSANE/HOSNME 21 Leiden/N.Y.: Brill, 2003.|''DNWSI'']]), though the root also means “dream, to dream.” The form remains | :"it is the name of the land and city inhabited by the people of Alma (Mosiah 23:20) in which the fathers were captive and were in bondage and from which they were delivered (Mosiah 27:16). The 2,000 stripling warriors who were the sons of Helaman were “soldiers” (Alma 53:22) and no doubt could be considered an “army,” even eventually being joined to the “army” of Antipus (Alma 56:10)."<ref>Ehat, unpublished paper, 2023, citing https://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_samuel/10-16.htm .</ref> | ||
obscure. Perhaps the name could mean “The strong one [of God].” | |||
There is a root in [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]], חלם ''ḥlm'', that can mean “healthy, to become strong, to be strong,” ([[L. Koehler, W. Baumgartner, Hebräisches und Aramäisches Lexikon zum Alten Testament. 3 vols. Auflage Leiden: Brill, 2004.|''HAL'']] and [[J. Hoftijzer, and K. Jongeling, Dictionary of the North-West Semitic Inscriptions. 2nd ed. HOSANE/HOSNME 21 Leiden/N.Y.: Brill, 2003.|''DNWSI'']]), though the root also means “dream, to dream.” The form remains obscure. Perhaps the name could mean “The strong one [of God].” Along those same lines, Bruce Metzger defined it as “fortress.”<ref>Metzger, ed., ''NRSV Exhaustive Concordance'' (Thomas Nelson, 1991), “Topical Index,” 92.</ref> | |||
Other possible roots include ''hlm'', ''ḥll'', and ''hll''. The latter, “to praise” (the root behind “Halleluia”) is very promising as an etymology and could be a hypocoristicon for | Other possible roots include ''hlm'', ''ḥll'', and ''hll''. The latter, “to praise” (the root behind “Halleluia”) is very promising as an etymology and could be a hypocoristicon for | ||
something like “[God is] their praise” from ''*hall'', “praise,” and ''-am'', 3m.p. | something like “[God is] their praise” from ''*hall'', “praise,” and ''-am'', 3m.p. passive suffix. However, if '''H<small>ELAM</small>''' is related etymologically to [[HELAMAN|H<small>ELAMAN</small>]], then the proposed derivation | ||
from ''hll'' would not work. ''hlm'' can mean “to strike, beat,” but does not seem too appropriate for '''H<small>ELAM</small>'''. ''ḫll'', “to profane, defile,” also seems inappropriate. | from ''hll'' would not work. ''hlm'' can mean “to strike, beat,” but does not seem too appropriate for '''H<small>ELAM</small>'''. ''ḫll'', “to profane, defile,” also seems inappropriate. | ||
Verda Bryant, has suggested “A place of plenty,” but without etymology.<ref>''The Book of Mormon, Those Queer Names'', p. 19.</ref> | |||
Cf. Book of Mormon [[HELAMAN|H<small>ELAMAN</small>]], [[HELEM|H<small>ELEM</small>]] | Cf. Book of Mormon [[HELAMAN|H<small>ELAMAN</small>]], [[HELEM|H<small>ELEM</small>]] | ||
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'''Notes''' | '''Notes''' | ||
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<references/> | |||
[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite PN]][[Category:Lehite GN]] | [[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite PN]][[Category:Lehite GN]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:30, 13 July 2023
| Lehite PN | 1. | Convert of ALMA I in the land of LEHI-NEPHI, ca. 145 BC (Mosiah 18:12, 13, 14) |
| Lehite GN | 2. | City and land founded by followers of ALMA I, 2nd c. BC (Mosiah 23:19, 20 (x2), 25 (x2), 26, 29, 35, 37, 38, 39; 27:16; Alma 24:1) |
Etymology
This name appears in 2 Samuel 10:16 & 17 as a GN (חילם ḥêlām). The etymology is not certain even in HEBREW, although Stephen K. Ehat points out that Latin Vulgate eorum exercitum (2 Samuel 10:16) interprets the Hebrew word to mean “their-army,” saying that
- "it is the name of the land and city inhabited by the people of Alma (Mosiah 23:20) in which the fathers were captive and were in bondage and from which they were delivered (Mosiah 27:16). The 2,000 stripling warriors who were the sons of Helaman were “soldiers” (Alma 53:22) and no doubt could be considered an “army,” even eventually being joined to the “army” of Antipus (Alma 56:10)."[1]
There is a root in HEBREW, חלם ḥlm, that can mean “healthy, to become strong, to be strong,” (HAL and DNWSI), though the root also means “dream, to dream.” The form remains obscure. Perhaps the name could mean “The strong one [of God].” Along those same lines, Bruce Metzger defined it as “fortress.”[2]
Other possible roots include hlm, ḥll, and hll. The latter, “to praise” (the root behind “Halleluia”) is very promising as an etymology and could be a hypocoristicon for something like “[God is] their praise” from *hall, “praise,” and -am, 3m.p. passive suffix. However, if HELAM is related etymologically to HELAMAN, then the proposed derivation from hll would not work. hlm can mean “to strike, beat,” but does not seem too appropriate for HELAM. ḫll, “to profane, defile,” also seems inappropriate.
Verda Bryant, has suggested “A place of plenty,” but without etymology.[3]
Cf. Book of Mormon HELAMAN, HELEM
Variants
Deseret Alphabet: 𐐐𐐀𐐢𐐊𐐣 (hiːlʌm)
Notes
- ↑ Ehat, unpublished paper, 2023, citing https://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_samuel/10-16.htm .
- ↑ Metzger, ed., NRSV Exhaustive Concordance (Thomas Nelson, 1991), “Topical Index,” 92.
- ↑ The Book of Mormon, Those Queer Names, p. 19.
Name Index
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