JACOBUGATH: Difference between revisions

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|'''[[:Category:Lehite GN|Lehite GN]]'''
|'''[[:Category:Lehite GN|Lehite GN]]'''
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|1.
|City of people of [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] No. 4, ca. 30 AD ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/3-ne/9.9?lang=eng#8 3 Nephi 9:9])
|Wicked [[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]] city of King [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/3-ne/9.9?lang=eng#8 3 Nephi 9:9]). Jacob Ugath in P MS, with hyphen added later in P<sup>C</sup>, and Jacobugath in 1830 and subsequent editions.<ref>Skousen, ''ATV'', 5:3329-3331; ''Printers Manuscript'', 378 line 10; cf. FARMS ''Book of Mormon Critical Text'', 2<sup>nd</sup> ed., III:1024 n. 196.</ref> Skousen has Jacob-Ugath in his Yale edition.<ref>Skousen, ''The Book of Mormon: The Earliest Text'' (Yale Univ. Press, 2009), 589.</ref>
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'''This entry is not finished'''


'''Etymology'''
'''Etymology'''


Most likely the name means “[[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] of the winepress” or similar ([[Jo Ann Hackett|JH]]), from the biblical PN ''yaʿaqōb'' and ''gt'', “winepress,” appearing in the [[PHILISTINES|P<small>HILISTINE</small>]] GN Gath. The medial “-''u''-”
Hebrew ''yaʿăqōb'' "Protector; Betrayer; Who seizes by the heel;<ref>''HALOT'', 872, for both verbal and nominal forms of same consonantal texts. True and folk etymologies are mixed and take part in word-play.</ref> Supplanter"<ref>LDS ''Holy Bible'' (1979), 41 n.</ref> ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.26?lang=eng#25 Genesis 25:26]), ''û'' "and," ''gat'', a GN of unknown meaning ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/17.52?lang=eng#51 1 Samuel 17:52]), often in combination with other GNs ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/josh/19.13?lang=eng#12 Joshua 19:13]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/josh/21.24?lang=eng#23 21:24]). Perhaps location identical with [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] city of [[OGATH|O<small>GATH</small>]].
could be the vestigal nominative case ending, such as in the biblical GN Penuel or in the PN Methuselah. But by the time of [[LEHI|L<small>EHI</small>]] such use of the case endings had long ceased
to be a part of the living language. Therefore, its appearance in this Book of Mormon GN must have been a conscious (even if misunderstood) anachronism.<ref>After reading “[[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]]” as a verb with a vestigial proto-Semitic “''u''” of the indicative mode, [[Jo Ann Hackett|JH]] adds that “this is a rather desperate explanation,” because it would require that the “''u''” be added by analogy to other place names with vestigial case endings (e.g., Penuel) by people who did not understand the significance of that vowel. But according to [[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]], the challenge could be resolved, of course, if the name J<small>ACOBUGATH</small> were built around [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] as a PN rather than as a verb, which it was, of course, for the [[ISRAELITES|I<small>SRAELITES</small>]] ([[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]]). This is what I have done above.</ref> Compare the biblical PN Genubath in [http://scriptures.lds.org/en/1_kgs/11/20#20 1 Kings 11:20], which means *


It has also been proposed that this is a compound name built from “[[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]],” the name of the [[NEPHITE(S)|N<small>EPHITE</small>]] founder of the city, and from “Ogath,” a [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] GN ([http://scriptures.lds.org/en/ether/15/10#10 Ether 15:10]) ([[Robert F. Smith|RFS]]).
See [[OGATH|O<small>GATH</small>]].
 
The “''u''” can also be explained, though with less likelihood, as the common Semitic conjunction “and.” This yields the interpretation “[[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]]-and-the-wine-press” (reading “''gath''” as above) ([[Robert F. Smith|RFS]]). The conjunction is always written with a vav (ו) in North-west Semitic, but pronounced in Masoretic Hebrew sometimes as “''u''” and sometimes as “''ve'',” depending on the *environs. In the case here, Masoretic pronunciation would require the “''ve''” and not the “''u'',” which is why reading the “''u''” as a conjunction is less likely ([[John A. Tvedtnes|JAT]]). However, no one has yet proven that [[LEHI|L<small>EHI</small>]] and his descendants were subject to Masoretic pronunciation.
 
Cf. Book of Mormon [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]], [[OGATH|O<small>GATH</small>]]. Per [[Robert F. Smith|RFS]], cf. also Gad, [[GID|G<small>ID</small>]].
 
See also [[Jacobugath / / Jacob Ugath / Jacob-Ugath Variant]], [[JACOB|J<small>ACOB</small>]] and [[JACOBITES|J<small>ACOBITES</small>]]


'''Variants'''
'''Variants'''
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<div style="text-align: right;"> [[Robert F. Smith|RFS]] </div>
<div style="text-align: right;"> [[Robert F. Smith|RFS]] </div>


[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite GN]]
[[Category:Names]][[Category:Lehite GN]]

Revision as of 15:52, 3 June 2013

Lehite GN 1. Wicked NEPHITE city of King JACOB (3 Nephi 9:9). Jacob Ugath in P MS, with hyphen added later in PC, and Jacobugath in 1830 and subsequent editions.[1] Skousen has Jacob-Ugath in his Yale edition.[2]

Etymology

Hebrew yaʿăqōb "Protector; Betrayer; Who seizes by the heel;[3] Supplanter"[4] (Genesis 25:26), û "and," gat, a GN of unknown meaning (1 Samuel 17:52), often in combination with other GNs (Joshua 19:13; 21:24). Perhaps location identical with JAREDITE city of OGATH.

See OGATH.

Variants

Jacob Ugath, Jacob-Ugath

Deseret Alphabet:

Notes

  1. ↑ Skousen, ATV, 5:3329-3331; Printers Manuscript, 378 line 10; cf. FARMS Book of Mormon Critical Text, 2nd ed., III:1024 n. 196.
  2. ↑ Skousen, The Book of Mormon: The Earliest Text (Yale Univ. Press, 2009), 589.
  3. ↑ HALOT, 872, for both verbal and nominal forms of same consonantal texts. True and folk etymologies are mixed and take part in word-play.
  4. ↑ LDS Holy Bible (1979), 41 n.
RFS
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