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|ELKENAH, god of (Book of Abraham facsimile 1:3-4, and BofA 1:6, 2:13)
|ELKENAH, god of (Book of Abraham facsimile 1:3-4, and BofA 1:6, 2:13)
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From Hebrew PN ''ʼEl-qanah'' “God has possessed,<ref>B. M. Metzger, ed., “Topical Index to the Bible,” 64.</ref> created”<ref>R. Youngblood, “Elkanah,” in Freedman, ed., ''Anchor Bible Dictionary'', II:476, from root ''qny''.</ref> (Exodus 6:24, 1 Samuel 1:1,4), and Hebrew DN ''ʼEl-qoneh'' “El, Creator of the Earth,” hypocoristicon for formula ''’El ˁElyon qone šamayim wa’areṣ'' “God Most High, Creator of Heaven & Earth” (Genesis 14:19, 22, Acts 4:24; cf. with ''Yahweh'' Exodus 20:11, 2 Chronicles 2:11-12, Isaiah 42:5)<ref>Cf. the 700 B.C. Jerusalem ostracon with ''['l] qn 'rṣ'' "[El] Creator of the Earth" (Cross, ''From Epic to Canon'', 87 n. 8, citing N. Avigad, ''IEJ'', 22 [1972], 195 pl. 42B; Patrick Miller, “El, The Creator of the Earth,” ''BASOR'', 239 [Summer 1980]:43-46).</ref> = Aramaic ''ʼl qn(ˁ)rˁ(ˁ)'', Aramaic & Neo-Punic ''ʼl qn ʼrṣ'' = 1200 B.C. Hittite ''El-qônê-erṣi'' (''El-ku-ni-ir-ša''), late Hittite ''Elkoners''.<ref>Miller, “El, The Creator of the Earth,” ''BASOR'', 239 (Summer 1980):43-46, comparing 1200 B.C. Hittite ''Il Kunirsha'', and Aramaic and Neo-Punic ''ʾl qnʾrṣ''.  W. F. Albright felt that this reflected Canaanite ''El-kunirša'', ''’El-qone-’erṣi'' on the Hittite tablet (''El-ku-ni-ir-ša'' pronounced ''’Elqonrs'' "El-Creator-of-the-Earth," Albright, ''Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan'' [London, 1968], 46,107 [late Hittite ''Elkoners'']; R.J. Clifford, ''CBQ'', 33:222; A. Goetze in Pritchard, ed., ''ANET'', 3rd ed., 519).  See also Conrad E. L’Heureux, ''Rank Among the Canaanite Gods: El, Dagan, and the Rephaim'', Harvard Semitic Monograph 21 (Missoula: Scholars Press, 1979); E. Theodore Mullen, Jr., ''The Assembly of the Gods: The Divine Council in Canaanite and Early Hebrew Literature'', Harvard Semitic Monograph 2 (Chico: Scholars Press, 1980).</ref>  The Egyptian equivalent would have been ''qmЗ wnnt'' “creator of that which is.”<ref>Budge, ''Gods of the Egyptians'', I:382, line 8.</ref>    Name of one of the four canopic gods (Egyptian falcon-headed ''Qbḥ-śnw.f'' of the west).<ref>See now Kevin Barney, “On Elkenah as Canaanite El,” ''JBMS'', 19/1 (2010):22-35; Daniel O. McClellan, “El Elyon, Begetter of Heaven and Earth,” SBL Paper, March 2010 (see pdf).</ref>
From Hebrew PN אלקנה ''ʼEl-qanah'' “God has possessed,<ref>B. M. Metzger, ed., “Topical Index to the Bible,” 64.</ref> created”<ref>R. Youngblood, “Elkanah,” in Freedman, ed., ''Anchor Bible Dictionary'', II:476, from root ''qny''.</ref> (Exodus 6:24, 1 Samuel 1:1,4), and Hebrew DN אל...קנה  ''ʼEl-qoneh'' “El, Creator of the Earth,” hypocoristicon for formula ''’El ˁElyon qone šamayim wa’areṣ'' “God Most High, Creator of Heaven & Earth” (Genesis 14:19, 22, Acts 4:24; cf. with ''Yahweh'' Exodus 20:11, 2 Chronicles 2:11-12, Isaiah 42:5)<ref>Cf. the 700 B.C. Jerusalem ostracon with ''['l] qn 'rṣ'' "[El] Creator of the Earth" (Cross, ''From Epic to Canon'', 87 n. 8, citing N. Avigad, ''IEJ'', 22 [1972], 195 pl. 42B; Patrick Miller, “El, The Creator of the Earth,” ''BASOR'', 239 [Summer 1980]:43-46).</ref> = Aramaic ''ʼl qn(ˁ)rˁ(ˁ)'', Aramaic & Neo-Punic ''ʼl qn ʼrṣ'' = 1200 B.C. Hittite ''El-qônê-erṣi'' (''El-ku-ni-ir-ša''), late Hittite ''Elkoners''.<ref>Miller, “El, The Creator of the Earth,” ''BASOR'', 239 (Summer 1980):43-46, comparing 1200 B.C. Hittite ''Il Kunirsha'', and Aramaic and Neo-Punic ''ʾl qnʾrṣ''.  W. F. Albright felt that this reflected Canaanite ''El-kunirša'', ''’El-qone-’erṣi'' on the Hittite tablet (''El-ku-ni-ir-ša'' pronounced ''’Elqonrs'' "El-Creator-of-the-Earth," Albright, ''Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan'' [London, 1968], 46,107 [late Hittite ''Elkoners'']; R.J. Clifford, ''CBQ'', 33:222; A. Goetze in Pritchard, ed., ''ANET'', 3rd ed., 519).  See also Conrad E. L’Heureux, ''Rank Among the Canaanite Gods: El, Dagan, and the Rephaim'', Harvard Semitic Monograph 21 (Missoula: Scholars Press, 1979); E. Theodore Mullen, Jr., ''The Assembly of the Gods: The Divine Council in Canaanite and Early Hebrew Literature'', Harvard Semitic Monograph 2 (Chico: Scholars Press, 1980).</ref>  The Egyptian equivalent would have been ''qmЗ wnnt'' “creator of that which is.”<ref>Budge, ''Gods of the Egyptians'', I:382, line 8.</ref>    Name of one of the four canopic gods (Egyptian falcon-headed ''Qbḥ-śnw.f'' of the west).<ref>See now Kevin Barney, “On Elkenah as Canaanite El,” ''JBMS'', 19/1 (2010):22-35; Daniel O. McClellan, “El Elyon, Begetter of Heaven and Earth,” SBL Paper, March 2010 (see pdf).</ref>


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'''Bibliography'''
*Barney, Kevin, “On Elkenah as Canaanite El,” ''Journal of Book of Mormon Studies'', 19/1 (2010):22–35.
*Beckman, Gary, “Elkurniša and Ašertu (1.55),” in William W. Hallo, ed., ''The Context of Scripture'', Volume 1: ''Canonical Compositions from the Biblical World'', 149. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
*Gee, John, “Four Idolatrous Gods in the Book of Abraham,” ''Interpreter'', 38 (2020):133-152, online at https://journal.interpreterfoundation.org/four-idolatrous-gods-in-the-book-of-abraham/ .
*Miller, Patrick D., Jr. “El, The Creator of Earth,” ''Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research'' 239 (Summer 1980): 43–46.
*Pearl of Great Price Central, “The Idolatrous God of Elkenah,” ''Book of Abraham Insight'' #6, Aug 15, 2019, online at https://www.pearlofgreatpricecentral.org/the-idolatrous-god-of-elkenah/ .
*Pearl of Great Price Central, “Approaching the Facsimiles,” ''Book of Abraham Insight'' #27, Jan 6, 2020, online at https://www.pearlofgreatpricecentral.org/approaching-the-facsimiles/ .
*Pearl of Great Price Central, “Facsimile 1 as a Sacrifice Scene,” ''Book of Abraham Insight'' #28, Jan 8, 2020, online at https://www.pearlofgreatpricecentral.org/facsimile-1-as-a-sacrifice-scene/ .
*Röllig, W., “El-Creator-Of-The-Earth,” in Karel van der Toorn, ed., ''Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible'', 280-281. Leiden: Brill, 1999.

Latest revision as of 11:04, 7 June 2022

See ANTION

Pearl of Great Price PN 1. ELKENAH, god of (Book of Abraham facsimile 1:3-4, and BofA 1:6, 2:13)

From Hebrew PN אלקנה ʼEl-qanah “God has possessed,[1] created”[2] (Exodus 6:24, 1 Samuel 1:1,4), and Hebrew DN אל...קנה ʼEl-qoneh “El, Creator of the Earth,” hypocoristicon for formula ’El ˁElyon qone šamayim wa’areṣ “God Most High, Creator of Heaven & Earth” (Genesis 14:19, 22, Acts 4:24; cf. with Yahweh Exodus 20:11, 2 Chronicles 2:11-12, Isaiah 42:5)[3] = Aramaic ʼl qn(ˁ)rˁ(ˁ), Aramaic & Neo-Punic ʼl qn ʼrṣ = 1200 B.C. Hittite El-qônê-erṣi (El-ku-ni-ir-ša), late Hittite Elkoners.[4] The Egyptian equivalent would have been qmЗ wnnt “creator of that which is.”[5] Name of one of the four canopic gods (Egyptian falcon-headed Qbḥ-śnw.f of the west).[6]

CANOPIC GOD CANOPIC FACE PRIMARY EGYPTIAN
PAIR OF GODS 		EGYPTIAN
DIRECTION 		BOOK OF ABR
IDOLATROUS GOD 		FACS 1
NUMBER

ʼImśti
Ḥpy
DwЗ-mwt.f
Qbḥ-śnw.f

human
baboon
jackal
falcon

Osiris/Horus & Isis
Seth & Nephthys
Tḥot/Anubis & Neith
Dwn-ˁnwy & Serqet

south rśt
north mḥt
east iЗbt
west imnt

Korash
Mahmackrah
Libnah
Elkenah

8
7
6
5


Variants: Elkkener, Elk Kener, Elk-keenah, Elk-kee-nah.

Notes

  1. ↑ B. M. Metzger, ed., “Topical Index to the Bible,” 64.
  2. ↑ R. Youngblood, “Elkanah,” in Freedman, ed., Anchor Bible Dictionary, II:476, from root qny.
  3. ↑ Cf. the 700 B.C. Jerusalem ostracon with ['l] qn 'rṣ "[El] Creator of the Earth" (Cross, From Epic to Canon, 87 n. 8, citing N. Avigad, IEJ, 22 [1972], 195 pl. 42B; Patrick Miller, “El, The Creator of the Earth,” BASOR, 239 [Summer 1980]:43-46).
  4. ↑ Miller, “El, The Creator of the Earth,” BASOR, 239 (Summer 1980):43-46, comparing 1200 B.C. Hittite Il Kunirsha, and Aramaic and Neo-Punic ʾl qnʾrṣ. W. F. Albright felt that this reflected Canaanite El-kunirša, ’El-qone-’erṣi on the Hittite tablet (El-ku-ni-ir-ša pronounced ’Elqonrs "El-Creator-of-the-Earth," Albright, Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan [London, 1968], 46,107 [late Hittite Elkoners]; R.J. Clifford, CBQ, 33:222; A. Goetze in Pritchard, ed., ANET, 3rd ed., 519). See also Conrad E. L’Heureux, Rank Among the Canaanite Gods: El, Dagan, and the Rephaim, Harvard Semitic Monograph 21 (Missoula: Scholars Press, 1979); E. Theodore Mullen, Jr., The Assembly of the Gods: The Divine Council in Canaanite and Early Hebrew Literature, Harvard Semitic Monograph 2 (Chico: Scholars Press, 1980).
  5. ↑ Budge, Gods of the Egyptians, I:382, line 8.
  6. ↑ See now Kevin Barney, “On Elkenah as Canaanite El,” JBMS, 19/1 (2010):22-35; Daniel O. McClellan, “El Elyon, Begetter of Heaven and Earth,” SBL Paper, March 2010 (see pdf).

Bibliography

  • Barney, Kevin, “On Elkenah as Canaanite El,” Journal of Book of Mormon Studies, 19/1 (2010):22–35.
  • Beckman, Gary, “Elkurniša and Ašertu (1.55),” in William W. Hallo, ed., The Context of Scripture, Volume 1: Canonical Compositions from the Biblical World, 149. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
  • Miller, Patrick D., Jr. “El, The Creator of Earth,” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 239 (Summer 1980): 43–46.
  • Röllig, W., “El-Creator-Of-The-Earth,” in Karel van der Toorn, ed., Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible, 280-281. Leiden: Brill, 1999.
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