SHURR: Difference between revisions
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Until a possible language origin for [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names must remain more speculative than substantive. | Until a possible language origin for [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of [[JAREDITES|J<small>AREDITE</small>]] names must remain more speculative than substantive. | ||
There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon GN (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle. | There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for '''S<small>HURR</small>''', some of which could prove promising. [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôrer'', possibly from a root *''šrr'', means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/5.9?lang=eng#8 Psalm 5:9]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 92:12]; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled ''r'' in the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]] (see the [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] text of [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/92.12?lang=eng#11 Psalm 92:12] where the ''r'' is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where [[CORIANTUMR|C<small>ORIANTUMR</small>]] gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle. | ||
The King James Bible GN ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained. | The King James Bible [[Geographical Name|GN]] ''Shur'' ([[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šûr'', [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/16.7?lang=eng#6 Genesis 16:7]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/20.1?lang=eng#primary 20:1]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/25.18?lang=eng#17 25:18]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ex/15.22?lang=eng#21 Exodus 15:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/1-sam/15.7?lang=eng#6 1 Samuel 15:7]), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to '''S<small>HURR</small>''', though the doubling of the ''r'' remains unexplained. | ||
A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the KJV]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a GN name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. | A [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] word for “wall” or “barrier,” ''šûr'' ([http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/gen/49.22?lang=eng#21 Genesis 49:22]; [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/2-sam/22.30?lang=eng#29 2 Samuel 22:30]; and [http://www.lds.org/scriptures/ot/ps/18.29?lang=eng#28 Psalm 18:30] [verse 29 in the KJV]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a [[Geographical Name|GN]] name, but would not account for the doubled ''r''. | ||
[[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''. | [[HEBREW|H<small>EBREW</small>]] ''šôr'', “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled ''r''. | ||
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Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Abbreviations|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. | Akkadian (East Semitic) ''šurrȗ'', meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb ''šurrȗ'') is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.<ref>''[[W. Von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965–1981.|AHw]]'' 1285b; ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 357-60.</ref> Akkadian ''šurru'', meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 356.</ref> ''Šūru'' is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.<ref>The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See ''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 369. </ref> But again, the doubled ''r'' is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as ''šarȗ'', “to be(come) rich,” ''šâru'', “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian ''šūru'', “reed bundle,”<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' Š3, 368-9; [[Abbreviations|''MZ'']], #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is <sup>giš</sup>šu-kin.</ref> is interesting. | ||
Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon GN.<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon GN.</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a GN. | Akkadian ''surrȗ'' appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].<ref>''[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|CAD]]'' S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian ''surrȗ'' as the source for the Book of Mormon [[Geographical Name|GN]].</ref> Sumerian š[u]-ur<sub>4</sub> is rendered as Akkadian ''kisittu'', meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”<ref>[[Chicago Assyrian Dictionary = Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the Univ. of Chicago. Chicago: Oriental Institute/Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin, 1956-2010.|''CAD'']] K, 422.</ref> In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur<sub>1-6</sub> and sur<sub>1-14</sub> signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a [[Geographical Name|GN]]. | ||
'''Variants''' | '''Variants''' | ||
Revision as of 11:02, 26 September 2014
| Jaredite GN | 1. | Valley of, near hill COMRON / COMNOR(Ether 14:28 (x2)) |
Etymology
Until a possible language origin for JAREDITE can be determined, all suggestions for etymologies of JAREDITE names must remain more speculative than substantive.
There are several ancient Near Eastern possibilities for SHURR, some of which could prove promising. HEBREW šôrer, possibly from a root *šrr, means “foe” or “enemy.” (See the HEBREW text of Psalm 5:9; 92:12; etc.) This etymology would explain the doubled r in the Book of Mormon GN (see the HEBREW text of Psalm 92:12 where the r is virtually doubled) and would fit well with the place where CORIANTUMR gathered his armies and invited his enemies to battle.
The King James Bible GN Shur (HEBREW šûr, Genesis 16:7; 20:1; 25:18; Exodus 15:22; 1 Samuel 15:7), a wilderness region in NW Sinai, would seem to be an appropriate analog to SHURR, though the doubling of the r remains unexplained.
A HEBREW word for “wall” or “barrier,” šûr (Genesis 49:22; 2 Samuel 22:30; and Psalm 18:30 [verse 29 in the KJV]) would also provide an appropriate etymology for a GN name, but would not account for the doubled r.
HEBREW šôr, “bull,” with cognates in nearly all Semitic languages, would not account for the doubled r.
Akkadian (East Semitic) šurrȗ, meaning, “inception, beginning,” (and it verb šurrȗ) is possible, even though the vowel on the end is phonemic.[1] Akkadian šurru, meaning, “to go down, bow down,” is perhaps plausible.[2] Šūru is a Sumerian loanword in Mari and Nuzi texts that is some kind of geographic feature.[3] But again, the doubled r is unaccounted for. Akkadian words such as šarȗ, “to be(come) rich,” šâru, “to malign,” etc., are long shots. Akkadian šūru, “reed bundle,”[4] is interesting.
Akkadian surrȗ appears to be a loanword from Sumerian and could mean “lamentation priest.” But this does not explain the /š/ of the Book of Mormon GN.[5] Sumerian š[u]-ur4 is rendered as Akkadian kisittu, meaning a “stump, trunk (of a tree).”[6] In addition, there are multiple Sumerian words written using the šur1-6 and sur1-14 signs each with a different meaning, (see the respective sign lists) but none of the meanings are particularly appropriate for a GN.
Variants
Deseret Alphabet: 𐐟𐐊𐐡 (ʃʌr)
Notes
- ↑ AHw 1285b; CAD Š3, 357-60.
- ↑ CAD Š3, 356.
- ↑ The Sumerian is SUR and SÙR. See CAD Š3, 369.
- ↑ CAD Š3, 368-9; MZ, #567 (p. 370). The Sumerian is giššu-kin.
- ↑ CAD S, 413. Normally, an Akkadian word that ends in a long vowel that has been borrowed from Sumerian indicates that the Sumerian word ended in a vowel. This would seem to rule out Akkadian surrȗ as the source for the Book of Mormon GN.
- ↑ CAD K, 422.
